Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download COMPONENTS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
Transcript
COMPONENTS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Dr. Ammar Jusmani MSc. Clinical Microbiology Ibn Sina University of the Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Contents Roots 2)Prefixes 1)Word 3)Suffixes 4)Body Systems, Organs, Tissues, and Cells 5)Commonest Combining Vowel 6)Analyzing Medical Terminology OBJECTIVES 1)To DEVELOP a “VISUAL RELATIONSHIP” with the human body. 2)To ARRANGE the human body in a structured manner. Word Roots Word Roots are DESCRIBED as the FOUNDATION, MAIN PART, or THE CENTRAL PART OF THE MEDICAL TERM. They FREQUENTLY DESCRIBE A body ORGAN, TISSUE or CELL. BODY SYSTEMS There are 11/ 12 body systems in the human body. 1)Nervous System. 2)Cardiovascular 3)Respiratory system 4)MusculoSkeletal system 5)Digestive system. 6)Urinary system. BODY SYSTEMS contd… 7)Endocrine system 8)Lymphatic system 9)Immune system 10)Reproductive system 11)Integumentary system. Sometimes the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM is split into TWO systems : MUSCULAR and SKELETAL SYSTEMS. STUDENT ASSIGNMENT WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE VARIOUS BODY SYSTEMS? ENGLISH LATIN/ GREEK Head Skull Inside the head Brain coverings Spinal Cord Cephal/(O) Cranium Encephal/(O) Meninges Myel/(O) COMPARATIVE TERMINOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ENGLISH Nose “Voice box” “Windpipe” Airways of the Lungs Lung LATIN / GREEK Rhin/ (O) Larynx / (O) Trachea/ (O) Bronchi/ (O) Pulmo/(O) RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ENGLISH Heart Vessel Vein LATIN / GREEK Blood Angi/ (O) Blood Cardi/ (O) Ven/(O) or Phleb/ (O) Hem/(O) CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ENGLISH Bone Cartilage Joint Bone Marrow Tendon(m/b) Bag(shock absorber t/b) Muscles LATIN/GREEK Oste /(O) Chondr/(O) Arthr /(O) Myel/ (O) Ten(O), Tendin/(O) Burs/(O) My/(O), Myos/(O) MUSCULOSKELETAL ENGLISH Gullet Stomach Liver Gall bladder(sac) Gall, Bile LATIN/ GREEK Esophagus , Esophag(O) Gastr/(O) Hepat/(O) Cholecyst/(O) Chol/(e) DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ENGLISH LATIN/ GREEK Kidney Ren/(O), Nephr/(O) Water Hydr/(O) Bladder Cyst/(O) Collecting ducts Pyel/(O) URINARY SYSTEM ENGLISH Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands Adrenal glands These are the primary endocrine glands that produce hormones for the human body. LATIN/ GREEK Hypophysis cerebri Ditto Ditto Suprarenal gland ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ENGLISH Pancreas Ovaries (in females) Testes(in males) Kidneys Liver LATIN/GREEK ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ENGLISH Uterus Uterine tube Vagina Ovary Menstruation Breast LATIN /GREEK Hyster/(O), Metr/ Salpin/(O), Salpinx Colp/(O) Oophor/(O) Mamm/(O), Mast/(O) FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM English Testis Male Prostate Vessel duct Testis, Testify, Testimonial, Testament share a common root meaning. LATIN/GREEK Orchid/(O), Test/(O) Andr/(O) Prostat/(O) Vas/(O) Testis means witness in Latin; witness to manhood. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ENGLISH Gland Immunity Lymph Lymph node Lymphatic vessels Spleen Thymus LATIN/GREEK Aden/(O) Immun/(O) Lymph/(O) Lymphaden/(O) Lymphangi/(O) Splen/(O) Thym/(O) LYMPHATIC SYSTEM ENGLISH LATIN/GREEK White blood cells White lood cells Neutrally stained Stain blue Stain pink Large eaters Antigen presenting cells B-Lymphocytes T-Lymphocytes Neutrophils Basophils Eosinophils Macrophages Dendritic cells IMMUNE SYSTEM Innate immune system 1)physical barriers 2)chemical barriers 3)Cytokines 4)Complement cascade 5)Fever 6)Antigen presentation FUNCTIONS Skin Stomach acid Recruitment of cells Identify,kill bacteria To activate the adaptive immune system Immune system FEATURE FUNCTION Memory Recognition of non-self antigens Development of immunological memory Signature of pathogen on Antibodies is remembered This protects the body from being attacked by its own immune system. ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM ENGLISH LATIN/GREEK Skin Skin Upon Fat Black Nail Thick Hard, tough Sweat CutDermaEpiLipoMelan/(O) Onych/(O) PachyScler/(O) Sudor- INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM CONCLUSIONS 1) The vowel (O) is the commonest combining vowel in medical Terminology. 2)Word roots commonly refer to body systems, Organs, Tissues.
