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13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Ecology is the study of the relationships among organisms and their environment. 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Ecologists study environments at different levels of organization. 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships • An organism is an individual living thing, such as an alligator. Organism Organism 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships • A population is a group of the same species that lives in one area. Population Population Organism Organism 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships • A community is a group of different species that live together in one area. Community Community Population Population Organism Organism 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships • An ecosystem includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks and other nonliving things in a given area. Ecosystem Ecosystem Community Community Population Population Organism Organism 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships • A biome is a major regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there. Biome Ecosystem Ecosystem Community Community Population Population Organism Organism 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Ecological research methods include observation, experimentation, and modeling. • Observation is the act of carefully watching something over time. • Experiments are performed in the lab or the field. 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Mark-Recapture- method used by scientists to estimate the population size of mobile organisms. • Scientists capture, mark, and then release specific organisms back into the wild. • Then repeat the survey and calculate a ratio of marked versus unmarked animals to estimate the population size. MC R = N