* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download The Heart - WordPress.com
Survey
Document related concepts
Management of acute coronary syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Electrocardiography wikipedia , lookup
Heart failure wikipedia , lookup
Coronary artery disease wikipedia , lookup
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia wikipedia , lookup
Quantium Medical Cardiac Output wikipedia , lookup
Antihypertensive drug wikipedia , lookup
Artificial heart valve wikipedia , lookup
Myocardial infarction wikipedia , lookup
Mitral insufficiency wikipedia , lookup
Atrial septal defect wikipedia , lookup
Lutembacher's syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
L3 Beauty Therapy The Heart The human heart is primarily a shell. There are four cavities, or open spaces, inside the heart that fill with blood. Two of these cavities are called atria. The two atria form the curved top of the heart. Two are called ventricles. The ventricles meet at the bottom of the heart to form a pointed base which points toward the left side of your chest. The left ventricle contracts most forcefully, so you can best feel your heart pumping on the left side of your chest. The Position of the Heart Trachea / Epiglottis Heart Retention Lungs Achievement Success Ribcage Diaphragm The left side of the heart houses one atrium and one ventricle. The right side of the heart houses the others. A wall, called the septum, separates the right and left sides of the heart. A valve connects each atrium to the ventricle below it. The mitral valve connects the left atrium with the left ventricle. The tricuspid valve connects the right atrium with the right ventricle. The top of the heart connects to a few large blood vessels. The largest of these is the aorta, or main artery, which carries nutrient-rich blood away from the heart. Another important vessel is the pulmonary artery which connects the heart with the lungs as part of the pulmonary circulation system. The two largest veins that carry blood into the heart are the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. They are called "vena cava" because they are the "heart's veins." The superior is located near the top of the heart. The inferior is located beneath the superior The average heart's muscle, called cardiac muscle, contracts and relaxes about 70 to 80 times per minute without you ever having to think about it. As the cardiac muscle contracts it pushes blood through the chambers and into the vessels. Nerves connected to the heart regulate the speed with which the muscle contracts The average adult heart is about the size of a clenched fist and weighs about 11 ounces (310 grams). Located in the middle of the chest behind the breastbone, between the lungs, the heart rests in a moistened chamber called the pericardial cavity which is surrounded by the ribcage. The diaphragm, a tough layer of muscle, lies below. As a result, the heart is well protected Remember that your heart is a muscle. If you want it to be strong, you need to exercise it. How do you do that? By being active in a way that gets you huffing and puffing, like jumping rope, dancing, or playing basketball. Try to be active every day! Eat a variety of healthy foods and avoid foods high in unhealthy fats, such as saturated fats and trans fats. Don't smoke. It can damage the heart and blood vessels. So now you know that your heart doesn't look like a valentine, but it sure deserves to be loved for all the work it does. It started pumping blood before you were born and will continue pumping throughout your whole life. The Heart Semilunar or Pulmonary Valve Aorta Superior Vena Cava Left Atrium Right Atrium Retention Aortic Valve Achievement Tricuspid Valve Inferior Vena Cava Mitral / Bicuspid Valve Success Right Ventricle Left Ventricle The Cardiac Cycle - How the Heart Beats Every time the heart beats it goes through a 3-part cycle: Stage 1 The top chambers (atria) relax and fill up with blood from the veins. Stage 2 The atria contract and the blood is forced into the relaxing bottom chambers (ventricles). Stage 3 The ventricles contract and the blood is forced out of the heart into the arteries. Oxygenated blood is pumped to the head and arms Aorta Retention Aortic Valve, prevents the blood from flowing back into the left ventricle Achievement Success Oxygenated blood is pumped to the lower torso and legs The Circulatory System The circulatory system is also known as the cardiovascular system. It consists of… 1. Blood 2. Blood Vessels 3. The Heart The three main types of blood vessels are arteries, veins and capillaries. Blood Vessels Retention Left Atrium Achievement Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Success Blood vessels 3 types of blood vessel Arteries Retention Left Atrium Veins Achievement Left Ventricle Capillaries Right Ventricle Success How Blood is Pumped around the Body Blood flows around the body in a double circulatory system. Blood always travels away from the heart through the arteries (A). Blood always returns to the heart through the veins (V). (A) (V) (A) (V) Heart Lungs There two major, separate ‘loops’ to the circulatory system: The pulmonary circuit – carries blood from the heart to and from the lungs. The systemic circuit – carries blood from the heart to and from the head and the rest of the body. Body Arteries Take Blood AWAY from the heart Thick muscular walls to cope with high pressure Elastic Usually carry oxygenated blood (except the pulmonary artery) How the Heart Pumps Blood The heart is divided into 2 parts. Each part is a pump, so the heart is a double pump. To To the lungs the body From the body The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. From the lungs The left side pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body for use. Veins •Take Blood TOWARDS the heart •Thin walls •Non-Return valves •Peristalsis •Usually carry deoxygenated blood (except the pulmonary vein) Capillaries Walls one cell thick to allow Diffusion of oxygen TO, and CO2 FROM the muscle Pulmonary Artery to the lungs Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Artery to the Lungs Aorta Semilunar Valve Pulmonary Veins From Lungs Left Atrium Right Atrium Pulmonary Veins From Lungs Retention Achievement Left Ventricle Tricuspid Valve Bicuspid Valve Right Ventricle Success Inferior Vena Cava The Heart Aortic Valve PULMONARY AND SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Heart Veins Capillaries Arteries Blood Blood Vessels Aorta Lungs Ribcage Diaphragm Pump Right Ventricle Oxygen Right Atrium Left Atrium Vena cava Aorta Inferior Vena Cava Pulmonary veins Aortic Valve Bicuspid valve Atrium ventricle Tricuspid valve Valve Cardiac muscle semilunar valve Circulation Test Label the heart including the adjoining vessels. Structure of the heart How the heart pumps blood Pathway of blood