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Our Systems Work Together!
Look at the following body systems…. you have used them EVERY DAY of your LIFE!
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: The system of blood, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and heart concerned with the
circulation of the blood and lymph Context: The heart is central to the human circulatory system; it pushes
blood through the body's network of arteries and veins.
MUSCULAR SYSTEM: The 600 muscles in the body, both voluntary and involuntary Context: The heart muscle
is unique in the human muscular system because it is made of smooth and skeletal muscle and is involuntary.
NERVOUS SYSTEM: The brain, spinal cord, and network of nerves that receive messages from inside and
outside the body and transmits instructions about how to respond Context: The nervous system is the control
center of the body; it interprets the senses and enables you to respond.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: The system that allows breathing; includes the nose, pharynx, trachea, and lungs
Context: The function of the respiratory system is breathing in oxygen from the air and expelling carbon
dioxide
SKELETAL SYSTEM: The bones (206 in an adult) that give the body support and protect vital organs. Context:
Without a skeletal system, the human body would be limp and floppy
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: This system breaks down food so the nutrients can be absorbed and used for energy
Context: Without a digestive system, the human body could not get energy to function
Part 1: Consider how the skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, and respiratory systems work together.
1. What happens in the body when a teammate kicks the ball to you during a soccer game and you kick it
across the field and make a goal? List 3 body systems that are involved? What role does each play?
2. What happens in the body when you come home from school, smell cookies baking, run to the kitchen
to see if they're done, and take one? You eat the whole cookie and drink a glass of milk. List 3 body
systems that are involved? What role does each play?
3. What happens in the body when you're studying for a math test? You're reading the problems, writing
the answers, getting up to stretch, and talking to a friend on the phone. List 3 body systems that are
working together to complete these tasks.
4. What happens in the body when you're sleeping? List 3 systems that are working?
5. Which body systems are involved in most of the activities? Why do you think that is?
Part 2: For each of the following situations, name 3 body systems that would be important for completing
the task and give a short explanation of how each system would contribute.
1. Eating a Hamburger:
2. Shooting an arrow:
3. Fighting a virus:
4. Smelling a flower:
5. Healing a broken arm:
6. Hitting a baseball:
7. Growing a beard:
8. Taking a written test:
Part 3: Decide which organ systems these organs belong to based on the information provided.
1. The brain sends, receives, and stores information along with making hormones that are sent
throughout the body.
The brain belongs to the _______________________ & _______________________ systems.
2. The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the entire body.
The heart belongs to the _______________________ & _______________________ systems.
3. The kidneys remove wastes and extra water from the body secretes hormones to regulate
the body and maintain homeostasis.
The kidneys belong to the ______________________ & _______________________ systems.
4. In males, the testes produce the male gamete cells known as sperm as well as hormones
such as testosterone.
The testes belong to the _______________________ & _______________________ systems.
5. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that is responsible for expanding the lungs while a
person breathes in.
The diaphragm belongs to the _____________________ & _____________________ systems.
6. The colon absorbs water, an essential nutrient, and stores solid fecal matter until it is
expelled from the body.
The colon belongs to the _______________________ & _______________________ systems.
7. The pancreas creates digestive enzymes that are secreted into the small intestines along
with several hormones including insulin.
The pancreas belongs to the ______________________ & ______________________ systems.
Part 4: For each of the statements below, decide which two body systems are interacting.
1. Testosterone increases the muscle mass of an adult male
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
2. Muscles in the bladder contract to expel urine from the body.
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
3. An asthma attack is triggered by hormones
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
4. The diaphragm muscle pulls air into the lungs
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
5. A female’s ovaries are signaled to release an egg cell by hormones
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
6. Ciliary muscles cause light to be focused through the eye onto light sensitive cells
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
7. Langerhans cells in the skin fight off a bacterial infection
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
8. Hormones reduce the amount of pain felt by a person during an animal attack
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
9. Muscles constrict blood vessels to increase blood pressure
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
10. Your spinal cord sends a signal to your hand to move
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
11. A sphincter muscle relaxes allowing urine to be expelled from the body
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
12. Oxygen gas (O2) travels directly from the lungs into red blood cells.
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
13. The hormone adrenaline suppresses activity in the gastrointestinal tract
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
14. White blood cells travel through the blood stream to reach an infected organ
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
15. Nutrients are absorbed by the intestines and distributed through the blood stream
____________________________ & _____________________________ systems
Part 5: Select the answer that will best complete the following analogies.
1. The digestive system is to absorbing nutrients as the circulatory system is to
A. removing nutrients
C. distributing nutrients
B. attracting nutrients
D. fighting infections
2. The immune system is to antibodies as the endocrine system is to
A. white blood cells B. nerve cells
C. marrow
D. hormones
3. The muscular system is to movement as the respiratory system is to
A. breathing
B. consumption
C. circulation
D. infections
4. The circulatory system is to distributing nutrients as the digestive system is to
A. removing nutrients
C. absorbing nutrients
B. synthesizing nutrients
D. fighting infections
5. The endocrine system is to hormones as the immune system is to
A. marrow
B. nerve cells
C. red blood cells
D. antibodies
6. The nervous system is to information as the excretory system is to
A. oxygen
B. waste
C. blood
D. hormones
7. The muscular system is to muscles as the circulatory system is to
A. hormones
B. marrow
C. blood
D. bones
Part 6: There are 3 body systems which primarily responsible for the protection of the human body: the
skeletal, integumentary and immune systems. Decide which of the following systems is responsible for
protecting the body in the ways described below:
1. The brain is protected by a strong rigid skull. ___________________________
2. Skin protects the body from drying out. ___________________________
3. Antibodies neutralize viruses by attaching to them. ___________________________
4. The rib cage provides protection for the heart and lungs. ___________________________
5. Germs are prevented from entering the body by the skin. ___________________________
6. White blood cells engulf and digest bacteria. ___________________________
7. The spinal cord is encased and protected by the spine. ___________________________
8. Helper T cells attract other white blood cells to an infection. _________________________