Download Revision Lessons

Revision Lessons
Year 11 Physical Education
1.2
5 Credits
Miss Sandri
Physiology
Exercise Physiology
Exam Check List
Understand the terminology
Explain anaerobic exercise
Explain aerobic exercise
Describe short term physiological responses of exercise
Describe long term adaptations of training on the body
Short Term Responses to Exercise
• What were the three different categories/systems?
See how many responses you can come up with.
Long Term Responses to Exercise
• What were the three different categories/systems?
See how many responses you can come up with…
Aerobic Energy Systems
• What are the key points?
Anaerobic Energy Systems
• What are the key points?
Exam Check List
Understand the terminology
Explain anaerobic exercise
Explain aerobic exercise
Describe short term physiological responses of exercise
Describe long term adaptations of training on the body
Anatomy
Exam Check List
 Identify agonist and antagonist muscles of a movement
Identify muscles around the elbow, hip, knee and ankle
 Identify bones around the elbow, hip, knee and ankle
 Identify joint movements of the elbow, hip, knee and ankle
 Define ectomorph, endomorph & mesomorph body types
Joint Name
Elbow
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Joint
Movement
Name of
Agonist
Name of
Antagonist
2
1
Joint Name
Elbow
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Joint
Movement
Name of
Agonist
Name of
Antagonist
Flexion to Extension
Triceps
Biceps
Flexion to Extension
Gluteus maximus
Hip flexors
Flexion to Extension
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Plantar flexion
Gastrocnemous
Tibialis anterior
Body Types
Ectomorph:
Tall and slender
Very little muscle
Basketball
Mesomorph:
Muscular and athletic
Strength and endurance
Athletics
Endomorph:
Short and high proportion of fat
Short duration
Swimming, sumo, power lifting
Joint
Joint Type
Elbow
Movement
Flexion
Extension
Hip
Flexion
Extension
Knee
Flexion
Extension
Ankle
Plantarflexion
condyler
joint
Dorsiflexion
Agonist
Antagonist
Joint
Joint Type
Elbow
Movement
Agonist
Antagonist
Flexion
biceps
triceps
Extension
triceps
biceps
Flexion
hip flexors
gluteals
Extension
gluteals
hip flexors
Flexion
hamstrings
quadriceps
Extension
quadriceps
hamstrings
Plantarflexion
gastrocnemius
tibialis anterior
Dorsiflexion
tibialis anterior
gastrocnemius
hinge
Hip
ball and
socket
Knee
hinge
Ankle
condyler
joint
Explanation- Excellence
• Describe the
movement
occurring at the
right hip joint.
• Extra for experts:
▫ Turn over your
worksheet and try
describing flexion
of the knee.
Exam Check List
 Identify agonist and antagonist muscles of a movement
Identify muscles around the elbow, hip and knee
 Identify bones around the elbow, hip and knee
 Identify joint movements of the elbow, hip and knee
 Define ectomorph, endomorph & mesomorph body types
Anatomy- Questions?
Biomechanics
Exam Checklist
Explain the BOS, COG and LOG in relation to stability
Define force summation
Explain the three principles of force summation
Define Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion
Explain one law of motion in detail
BOS, COS & LOG
• Using the terms (base of support, centre of gravity
and line of gravity) describe how sumo wrestlers (or
athletes in general) could increase their stability?
Increase
the size
of their
BOS
Lower their
COG
Keep their LOG within their BOS
Force Summation
• Definition
The sum of all forces generated by each body part.
• Three principles
o Use the maximum amount of body parts possible
o Sequence (large muscles groups first, small muscle
groups last but fast)
o Timing (contracting muscles at the optimum point of
contraction
Principles of Force Summation…
• Use the greatest number of body segments or
muscle groups as possible.
• In the correct sequence, use large muscle
groups first and then the small muscles
last, but fast.
• Use the correct timing of the body
segments or muscle groups.
Newton’s Laws of Motion
• Law 1:
▫ Inertia
• Law 2:
▫ Acceleration
• Law 3:
▫ Action/Reaction
Explain one ‘Law of Motion’
in detail
• Pick one law of
motion.
• Using this image,
explain how the law
of motion could be
applied to this
sporting example.
• Tell your neighbour.
Law 1: Inertia
Law 1: Inertia- an object remains at rest or in
motion unless acted upon by an external
force.
Law 1: Inertia
• Inertia is an objects resistance to change in motion.
An objects inertia is proportional to it’s weight
(mass).
• The heavier the object, the more inertia it has.
• Sporting example…
Law 2: Acceleration
• Law 2: Acceleration- the acceleration of an object is
dependant on the mass, size and direction of the
force acting upon it.
• force = mass x acceleration [ f = m x a ]
Law 2: Acceleration
• When a force is applied to
an object, it will move in
the direction the force
was applied.
• Depending on the size/
mass of the object, it will
accelerate accordingly.
▫ The smaller the object
the faster it will
accelerate.
▫ The larger the mass, the
slower the acceleration.
Law 3: Action/Reaction
• Law 3: Action- reactionwhenever a force is
applied there is an equal
and opposite reaction.
Law 3: Action/ Reaction
• If an athlete exerts a force
onto the ground in order to
push off, the ground will
exert an equal and opposite
force on the athlete,
pushing them up into the
air.
• Action force
• Reaction force
Example- Swimming
• Think about a swimmer:
a) When would Newton’s 3 laws take place?
b) How could Newton’s 3 laws of motion help their
performance?
Exam Checklist
Explain the BOS, COG and LOG in relation to stability
Define force summation
Explain the three principles of force summation
Define Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion
Explain one law of motion in detail
Last Minute Exam Tips
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9ish questions
1.5 hours
Anatomy
Biomechanics
Physiology
Spread your time evenly over all of the questions
Revise your notes- use the exam checklist
Do not ramble and confuse answers
GOOD LUCCCCCKKK!!!