Download SESSION 9 - Lower Limb Joints - Hatzalah of Miami-Dade

SESSION 9 - Lower Limb Joints
1. What is avascular necrosis? Why does it occur in a fractured neck of femur?
2. What is the position of the patient's leg with a fractured neck of femur? Why?
3. Why has flexion of the hip a much greater range than extension?
4. Why is the iliofemoral ligament curved as it runs downward and medially onto
the femur?
5. Name two functions of the fascia lata.
6. What is the iliotibial tract and what specific function does it have when we
stand?
7. What muscles are essential for stabilising the hip as the opposite leg is lifted
off the ground? What is their nerve supply and root value?
8. Why is the medial meniscus of the knee more liable to damage than the lateral
one?
9. Which cruciate ligament limits extension of the knee?
10. How is the integrity of the posterior cruciate tested?
11. What structure is immediately related to the posterior capsule of the knee?
12. Name two essential differences between the suprapatellar bursa and the
superficial infrapatellar bursa.
13. What is the easiest way of telling if there is excessive synovial fluid in the
knee joint?
14. What movements are possible at the ankle joint?
15. Where precisely does the capsule of the hip joint attach to the neck of the
femur?
16. How does most of the blood reach the head of the femur in a child? What is
the supply's parent artery?
17. Why is there an abundance of lateral rotators of the hip and so few medial
rotators?
18. What muscle is most responsible for flexion of the hip and where does it inset?
19. Name two large differences between the medial and lateral ligaments of the
knee.
20. What muscle(s) cause lateral rotation of the flexed knee?
21. Name three bones to which the medial ligament of the ankle attaches.
22. What two large nerves lie immediately anterior and posterior to the hip joint?