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Unidad Cuatro The Conditional Tense • The conditional tense can be thought of as the “would” tense. Use the conditional to describe things that “would” or “could” be. For example; I would call him, but I’m shy. If I were rich, I would buy a Porsche. Could I have a napkin, please? I wouldn’t do that! She could leave, if she had a ride. Here are the correct endings for the conditional tense. Notice that the endings are the same for all three kinds of verbs! Subject -AR, -ER, & -IR Verbs Yo Tú Él, Ella, Usted Nosotros Vosotros Ellos, Ellas, Ustedes -ía - ías -ía - íamos -íais -ían The conditional tense conjugates in the same fashion as the future tense - don’t remove the –AR, -ER, or –IR! Just add the subject ending right onto the end of the verb! Here’s an an example of the conjugation process. We’ll use the “yo” form for this example. CANTARÍA I would TOSING To sing sing Simply attach the ending which matches the subject. That’s it! -ER and -IR verbs work the same way as -AR verbs. COMERÍAS You would eat Toeat livee To VIVIRÍAN They would live Tolive livee To Just add the correct ending. Here’s a full conjugation chart for all 3 verb types. Subject Cantar to sing Comer to eat Vivir to live Yo Cantaría I would sing Comería I would eat Viviría I would live Tú Cantarías You (inf) would sing Comerías You (inf) would eat Vivirías You (inf) would live Él, Ella, Cantaría Usted He/She would sing You (for) would sing Comería He/She would eat You (for) would eat Viviría He/She would live You (for) would live Comeríamos We would eat Viviríamos We would live Nosotros Cantaríamos We would sing Vosotros Cantaríais Comeríais You (in pl) would sing You (in pl) would eat Ellos, Ellas, Cantarían Ustedes They would sing You (f pl) would sing Comerían They would eat You (f pl) would eat Viviríais You (in pl) would live Vivirían They would live You (f pl) would live Now you try it! On a piece of paper, or in your head, conjugate the following and then click for the correct answer. He would ask. (Preguntar) Él preguntaría. I would study. (Estudiar) Yo estudiaría. They would run. (Correr) Ellos correrían. You (inf) would write. (Escribir) Tú escribirías. Irregulars Irregular verbs in the conditional tense have the same stem as they do in the future tense. To conjugate them, just add the regular conditional tense ending to these stems. Remember, any verb which contains one of these irregular verbs will inherit its stem in the conditional. For example; proponer = propondr-. Verb New stem Salir Saldr- Tener Tendr- Poder Podr- Poner Pondr- Saber Sabr- Querer Querr- Venir Vendr- Hacer Har- Haber Habr- Decir Dir- Here are some examples as well as the other two common irregular verbs in the future and the conditional; Subject Caber Valer To fit To be worth, cost Yo Cabría I would fit Valdría I would be worth Tú Cabrías You (inf) would fit Valdrías You (inf) would be worth Él, Ella, Cabría Usted He/ She would fit You (for) would fit Valdría He/She would be worth You (for) would be worth Nosotros Cabríamos We would fit Valdríamos We would be worth Vosotros Cabríais You (inf pl) would fit Valdríais You (inf pl) would be worth Ellos, Cabrían Ellas, They would fit Ustedes You (for pl) would fit Valdrían They would be worth You (for pl) would be worth Finally, note the following; • Although the conditional tense is usually translated as “would” it’s not the only tense that can mean would. When would is used to refer to something that was habitual in the past, you should use the imperfect past tense that we will study in Unit 6. For example; We would always lose. • Because the conditional can translate as “could”, this tense is often used to make polite requests. For example; Could I please borrow a pencil? • There are no stem changers in the conditional tense. • Estar, Ser, and Ir are regular in the conditional tense. • Just as the future tense may be used to express probability in the present, the conditional may be used to express it in the past. For example; She’s probably at home (present) = Estará en casa. (future) She was probably at home (past) = Estaría en casa. (cond.) ¡El Fin!