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Sub Unit 2: Explorations, Encounters, and Imperialism Time Frame: 2 1/2 Weeks Scope A) Spain and Portugal on the eve of the encounter 1) Human and physical geography 2) Reconquista under Ferdinand and Isabella 3) Expulsion of Moors and Jews 4) Exploration and overseas expansion (a) Columbus (b) Magellan circumnavigates the globe B) The encounter between Europeans and the peoples of Africa, the Americas, and Asia 1) Case study: The Columbian exchange 2) Human and physical geography 3) European competition for colonies in the Americas, Africa, East Asia, and Southeast Asia—The “old imperialism ” 4) Global demographic shifts Case study: The triangular trade and slavery 5) The extent of European expansionism 6) European mercantilism 7) Spanish colonialism and the introduction of the Encomienda system to Latin America 8) Dutch colonization in East Asia (Japan and Indonesia) 9) Exchange of food and disease Text CH 14.1 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5 Themes Movement of People and Goods: How did global trade patterns change between in the late 1400 and the 1700s Science and Technology: What types of technology allowed western Europeans to explore the oceans? Interdependence: What motives did Europeans have for establishing colonies between 1500 and 1700? Change: What major changes did the European expansion bring to peoples around the world? Key Questions Are conflicts between nations and/or people inevitable? What assumptions do different groups hold about power, authority, governance, and law? How does technological change affect people, places, and regions? What impact do regional and global trade networks have on world cultures? What defines a turning point? How do physical and human geography affect people, places and regions? How do the movements of people and ideas (cultural diffusion) affect world history? Vocabulary and Key People magnetic compass sextant Terms: Bartolome de las Casas astrolabe maritime trade slavery Christopher Columbus caravel mercantilism sugar Ferdinand and Isabella cartographer Mercator projection the West Indies Francisco Pizarro colony mestizos Treaty of Tordesillas Henry the Navigator Columbian Exchange Middle Passage triangular lateen sail Hernan Cortes conquistadors molasses triangular trade Magellan creoles mother country Vasco da Gama, encomienda mulattoes People: joint stock companies peninsulares Bartholomeu Dias Focus Questions What was the Reconquista? What prompted it? What were its political, social, cultural, and economic consequences? What impact might the fall of Constantinople in 1453 have had on the Reconquista? How did Jews, Muslims, and Christians view the Reconquista? The Inquisition? Why did Ferdinand and Isabella adopt the policy to expel Jews and Moors from the Iberian Peninsula? What were the consequences of this policy? What were the political, economic, and social consequences of the expulsion of the Jews and Muslims for Spain? What were Spain and Portugal like on the eve of the Encounter? What kinds of encounters were made as a result of the initial Spanish and Portuguese voyages of discovery? As a result of the Encounter, how did the standard of living in Europe, Africa and the Americas change? Why do different interpretations of the Encounter exist? What trading networks already existed in the Indian Ocean before the Portuguese intervened? How did this intervention change this trade? What changes occurred in colonial South America in terms of governing and religious practices? What other political and cultural changes followed. What is the legacy of these changes? What was the connection between the European discovery of the Americas, and later Portuguese claims in East Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and Asia? In addition to geographers and historians, why do biologists and immunologists also regard the Encounter an important topic to explore? Primary Sources/Resources The Iberian Peninsula in the time of Ferdinand and Isabella http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/ward_1912/iberian_peninsula.jpg Reconquista http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/timeline.html Columbus http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/columbus1.html http://muweb.millersville.edu/~columbus/columbus.html Magellan http://www.mariner.org/educationalad/ageofex/magellan.php# The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Timeline of Art History http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/splash.htm?HomePagLink=toah_1 Teacher Created Lesson Plans/Lesson Ideas The Role of the Reconquista in the Expansion of Spain The Expulsion of Jews From Spain Available in PDF - WORD - HTML Handout 1 - PDF, Handout 2 - PDF, Handout 3a - PDF Handout 3b - PDF Assessments NYS Thematic: NYS DBQ: Migrations of People 08.08 – Slavery (3 Documents) Economic Systems 06.07 – Mercantilism (3 Documents) Human Rights 06.09 – Encounter Human Rights Violations 01.07 – Encounter Other: Movement of People & Goods: Trade 08.06 – Triangular Trade Change 06.04 – Turning Points Change: Turning Points 08.01 – 1492 Science and Technology 08.00 – Astrolabe Justice and Human Rights 06.00 – Treatment of Native Americans Conquests 01.05 – Spanish Empire (3 Documents) Epidemics 08.04 – Encounter & Disease (3 Documents) Turning Points 06.03 – The Age of Exploration (4 Documents) Mass Migrations 08.02 – African Slavery (1 Document)
