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JULIUS CAESAR
Influential Romans
Challenge for leadership
 Pompey:
patrician or nobleman
Had much of the support
of the Roman Senate

Influential Romans
Challenge for leadership
 Crassus:
 Also a Patrician optimate,
but with less support
among Senate
 Military hero
 Considered wealthiest man
in Rome
Influential Romans
Challenge for leadership
•
Julius Caesar:
Popular
Came from one of the
oldest families in Rome
Opposed by the Senate and
friends with Crassus
FIRST TRIUMVIRATE
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Pompey and Crassus were
consuls of Rome
Stripped much power from
Senate
They decided to make Julius
Caesar a Consul without
power
Caesar did not trust Pompey
or Crassus
any association of three in
office or authority (definition
of Triumvirate)
Caesar Returns
After leaving Rome, Caesar returns
to gain total control of the
government
 Pompey declares himself sole Consul
and orders Caesar to disband his
army and return to Rome
 Crassus dies during a military
campaign in 53 BC
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Caesar’s Control
 Pompey
is not supported by the
common people because they
support Caesar
 Pompey
ends up fleeing to Rome
and is followed by Caesar
Caesar Becomes Dicatator
(49-44 BC)
 He
takes total control of the
government and becomes
dictator for life
 Julius Caesar makes use of
popular prejudices and false
claims in order to gain power (a
demogogue)
Caesar’s Power
 Senate
fears his reforms and
tries to convince the people that
Caesar was trying to restore the
kingship
 The Senate hates him
 Majority begins to support
Caesar
CHARACTER DESCRIPTION:
JULIUS CAESAR
Gained territory for Rome, sent
money back to help improve and for
common people
 Conqueror and politician
 Given honor of ruling as long as he
lived
 Married to Calpurnia
 Did not have children (so they say)
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CHARACTER DESCRIPTION:
MARCUS BRUTUS
Married to Portia (father killed himself
rather than live under Caesar’s rule)
 Descendant of Lucius Brutus
 Idealist, enjoyed reading and study
 Liked Caesar but feared ambition
 Supported Pompey, had once fought
against Caesar
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CHARCACTER DESCRIPTION:
CAIUS CASSIUS
Quick tempered,
practical
 Brutus’s brother-inlaw ( Portia’s
brother)
 Supported Pompey
against Caesar
 Held a grudge
against Caesar
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CHARACTER DESCRIPTION:
MARK ANTONY
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Famous for his “wild living”
Fought under Caesar
Held public office
Supported Caesar’s schemes
Understood instability of
commoners and how could
sway their emotions