Download Egypt Power Point

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YgVlX
OyU10I tropic minds
1. The Nile River
A. Since most of Egypt
is a desert, people
settled along the
Nile River.
B. It provided drinking
water and irrigation
of crops.
C. Yearly floods
left rich
deposits of silt
that fertilized
the land.
D. The river also
acted as a
“liquid
highway” for
travel.
DON’T WRITE
The Nile floods
around
September 15th
every year; this
is caused by a
buildup of
Ethiopian rains
and melting
mountain snow
that is dumped
into the Blue
Nile.
DON’T WRITE
The Blue Nile,
which starts at
Lake Tana in
Ethiopia, joins
the White Nile
(source: kind of
Lake Victoria)
at the Sudanese
capital of
Khartoum.
E. Egypt was called the “bread basket”
because they grew wheat and flax. They
exported food to other parts of the world.
2. Upper and Lower Egypt
A. Upper Egypt
(south) ended at
a cataract
(waterfall)
because boats
could not
continue
upstream.
B. Lower Egypt
(north, near the
sea) consisted of
the Nile Delta, a
broad, triangularshaped marshy
area of land.
C.
In 3100 BC, a pharaoh named Menes united
Upper and Lower Egypt and built a capital,
Memphis.
3. Three
Kingdoms of
Egypt:
Ancient
Egyptian
history can be
split into three
sections:
A. The Old Kingdom (2700-2200 BC) was when the
pyramids were built to bury Pharaohs!
Great Sphinx at Giza
What does the portrayal of the king as a lion suggest about
the nature of kingship in ancient Egypt?
B. The Middle Kingdom (2100-1800 BC) was
Egypt’s Golden Age.
•Hieroglyphics
•Papyrus
•Pyramids
•Calendar
•Clock
DON’T WRITE
The boat and more than twenty other models of boats,
gardens, and workshops were found in a small chamber in the
tomb of Meketre, a Theban official.
DON’T WRITE
Book of the Dead
This scene from the Book of the Dead shows the journey to the afterlife. Nany, a
woman stands the Hall of Judgment to the left of a scale. Her heart is being
weighed against Maat, the goddess of justice and truth, wearing a single large
feather. On the right is Osiris, god of the underworld and rebirth. He wears the
white crown of Upper Egypt and the curving beard of a god. On the table before
him is an offering of a joint of beef. Jackal-headed Anubis, overseer of
mummification, adjusts the scales, while a baboon—symbolizing Thoth, the god
of wisdom and writing—sits on the balance beam and prepares to write down the
result. Behind Nany stands the goddess Isis, both wife and sister of Osiris.
C. In the New Kingdom (1500-1000 BC),
Egypt became an empire. It ends with
invasions by Romans, Greeks, & Persians
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjTmG1
H4_Io engineering an empire
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAbOZ
qRPbGk egypt facts
4. The Rosetta Stone showed
Egyptologists how to read hieroglyphics and
demotic
Egyptian Life
Scenes of Ancient Egyptian
Daily Life
Egyptian Civilization
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City—Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom
Religion- variety of belief systems and practices. Belief
of afterlife. mummification)
Social class- Most Egyptians were farmers. During New
Kingdom society grew as trade and warfare increased.—
some woman could be priest to serve goddess.
Specialty Job-Artisan, craftsman, dike repairs,
Astronomers –developed a calendar –became the basis
of western calendar.
Writing- Hieroglyphics- used to keep important
records-form of picture writing.
Public works- build dikes, labor on palaces, temples
and tombs
Art and architecture- hymns and prayers. Paintings
and sculpture of statues, carvings on temples
Gov’t- Pharaoh ruled as monarch. Divine rule.
Egyptian Social Hierarchy
Ancient Egyptian Housing
Middle Class
Homes
Peasant
Homes
Egyptian Nobility
Egyptian Priestly Class
Egyptian Scribe
Some Famous Egyptian
Pharaohs
Tutankham
on
1336-1327 B. C.
E.
Thutmose
III
1504-1450 B. C.
E.
Ramses II
1279-1212 B. C.
E.
Egyptian Math
1
10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000
What number is
this?
King Tutankhamon
Preparation for
the Afterlife
Summary Question
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How were religion gov’t and art linked in
ancient Egypt?
Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:
“The Sacred ‘Trinity’”
Osiris
Isis
Horus
Materials Used in
Mummification
1. Linen
2. Sawdust
3. Lichen
4. Beeswax
Pads
6. Natron
7. Onion
8. Nile Mud
9. Linen
The Ankh – The “Cross” of
Life
HIEROGLYPHICS
Hieroglyphics is the Egyptian form of writing. They did not write on paper, but
on papyrus which is reeds cut into thin strips then pounded and dried.
Hieroglyphics are usually animals or things that mean something important in
their language. For example, the letter E stands for 2reed leaves.
 Egyptologists
say they have
identified the 3,000-year-old
mummy of Hatshepsut, Egypt's
most powerful female ruler.
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In all, Hatshepsut
accomplished what no
woman had before her.
She ruled the most
powerful, advanced
civilization in the world,
successfully, for twenty
years. Even if there were
some who resented her
success, her success
stands for all eternity.
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Queen Hatshepsut
dressed as a king,
even wearing a false
beard and the
Egyptian people seem
to have accepted this
unprecedented
behavior.
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An X-ray image of
the mummy of
Pharaoh Queen
Hatshepsut is seen
at the Egyptian
museum in Cairo,
Egypt. (Discovery
Channel)
The Egyptians sent trading missions to Punt, a region of East Africa
that was rich in gold, resins, ebony, blackwood, ivory and wild
animals, including monkeys and baboons. They also went in search of
slaves. The best-documented mission was sent during the reign of
Hatshepsut. Scenes from these expeditions are illustrated on her
funerary temple at Deir el-Bahari, near the Valley of the Kings.
The mummy was discovered by
Howard Carter in 1903
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A mummy found
more than 100
years ago has been
identified as
pharaoh Queen
Hatshepsut,. She
was one of the
most powerful and
mysterious of all
ancient rulers.
An Egyptian Woman’s “MustHaves”
Mirror
Perfume
Whigs
Egyptian Mummies
Seti I
1291-1278 B. C. E.
Queen Tiye,
wife of
Amenhotep II
Ramses II
1279-1212 B. C. E.
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Hatshepsut, in a final bid to be
recognized as a legitimate queen,
constructed a fabulous temple in
the Valley of the Kings, of all
places, by a tall plateau at Deir-elBahri, across the Nile from
Thebes.
The Temple of Deir ElBahri is one of the most
characteristic temples in
the whole of Egypt, due to
its design and
decorations. It was built of
limestone, not sandstone
like most of the other
funerary temples of the
New Kingdom period.
The expedition set out in her name with five ships, each measuring seventy
feet (21 m) long, and with several sails; each ship accommodated 210 men,
including sailors and thirty rowers. Many goods were bought in Punt, notably
myrrh, which is said to have been Hatshepsut's favorite fragrance. Most
notably however, the Egyptians returned from the voyage bearing thirty-one
live frankincense trees, whose roots were carefully kept in baskets for the
duration of the voyage. This was the first ever recorded attempt to replant
foreign trees. She reportedly had the trees planted in the courts of her Deir el
Bahari mortuary temple