* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Ecosystem
Survey
Document related concepts
Introduced species wikipedia , lookup
Conservation biology wikipedia , lookup
Source–sink dynamics wikipedia , lookup
Ecological fitting wikipedia , lookup
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project wikipedia , lookup
Storage effect wikipedia , lookup
Habitat conservation wikipedia , lookup
Biodiversity action plan wikipedia , lookup
Biogeography wikipedia , lookup
Molecular ecology wikipedia , lookup
River ecosystem wikipedia , lookup
Pleistocene Park wikipedia , lookup
Ecological resilience wikipedia , lookup
Restoration ecology wikipedia , lookup
History of wildlife tracking technology wikipedia , lookup
Theoretical ecology wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Ecology: an introduction The study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment Ecosystem Ecosystem - all the living organisms that live in an area and the nonliving features of their environment Ecosystem All the organisms living in an area and the nonliving features of their environment –Biotic – living –Abiotic – nonliving Biotic Biotic – living –Plants –Animals –Single celled organisms –Fungi Abiotic Abiotic – nonliving – Water – Air – Soil – Temperature – Sunlight Parts of an Ecosystem Biosphere The part of Earth that supports life –Top portion of Earth's crust (lithosphere/ asthenosphere) –All the waters that cover Earth's surface (hydrosphere) –Atmosphere (air) that surrounds Earth Describe each of the following terms: • Biosphere - part of Earth that supports life, including the top portion of Earth's crust, the atmosphere, and all the water on Earth's surface • Biotic - living • Abiotic – non-living Ecosystem Ecosystem - all the living organisms that live in an area and the nonliving features of their environment • Example: Oceans, Forest, Desert Community All the populations in an ecosystem (biotic) Community - all the populations of different species that live in an ecosystem http://www2.tpwd.state.tx.us/learning/texas_nature_trackers/black_ tailed_prairie_dog/images/lg_black_tailed_prairie_dogs.jpg Population All the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species (biotic) Populations All of the same species in an ecosystem www.intrasystems.gr www.nkf-mt.org.uk Population - all the organisms that belong to the same species living in a community Organism (species) one of any living thing in an ecosystem Organism (species) Habitat The place in which an organism lives –provides the kinds of food and shelter, the temperature, and the amount of moisture the organism needs to survive Habitat - place where an organism lives and that provides the types of food, shelter, moisture, and temperature needed for survival Niche • The specific role (job) that an organism plays in its ecosystem Niche - in an ecosystem, refers to the unique ways an organism survives, obtains food and shelter, and avoids danger http://www.thinksimian.com/images/birds_2/nest.JPG Things that affect an ecosystem Limiting factors Carrying capacity Competition Limiting Factors Anything that restricts or controls the number of individuals in a population www.bahamascommerce.com Limiting Factor Anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. Includes living / biotic and nonliving / abiotic features of the ecosystem Limiting factor - anything that can restrict the size of a population, including living and nonliving features of an ecosystem, such as predators or drought Carrying Capacity The largest number of individuals of one species an ecosystem can support www.wwt.org.uk Carrying Capacity • The maximum number of individuals of any species that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long-term basis Carrying capacity - largest number of individuals of a particular species that an ecosystem can support over time http://library.thinkquest.org/J002558F/carrying_capacity.JPG Competition All living things compete for – Food – Space Competition limits population growth www.opim.wharton.upenn.edu Competition Competition caused by population growth affects many organisms, including humans Limits population size