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Name __________KEY__________________ Homework Due Date___________ Period __________ TEST DATE_________________ Quiz Study Guide-Layers of the Earth & Continental Drift 1. Name the 4 Compositional Layers of the earth & a Characteristic of each: 1. (from outside to inside) Crust Hard outer layer; thinnest layer; two types (continental and oceanic) coolest layer Mantle Thickest compositional layer, contains 2/3’s of earths mass, partially molten (part liquid/part solid) Outer Core Totally molten (LIQUID) layer made of Iron and Nickel 2. 3. 4. Inner Core SOLID ball made of Iron and Nickel 2. What is the mnemonic sentence used to remember the Physical layers of the earth? __Look At Me On Instagram_________________ 3. Name the 5 Physical Layers of the earth and a Characteristic of each: (from outside to inside) 1. 2. 3. 4. Lithosphere Consists of the crust + upper mantle; broken into tectonic plates Asthenosphere Partially molten layer that the tectonic plates float on Mesosphere Partially molten layer; lower mantle (middle layer) Outer Core Molten Iron and nickel; it’s spinning causes earth’s magnetic field Inner Core Solid ball of iron and nickel, hottest and most dense layer 5. 4. __Alfred Wegener_______ was the scientist responsible for the theory of Continental Drift. 5. List and explain 5 pieces of evidence that Alfred Wegener used to explain his theory of Continental Drift: a) Fit- Africa and South America fit together like a puzzle piece b) Fossil Evidence-similar plants & animals are found on different continents i.e. the Mesosaurus was found on both Africa and South America c) Mountain Ranges and coal beds -Mountain ranges of similar size and rock content are found on different continents (sometimes coal beds match) d) Paleoclimatic - ancient climate evidence (ex: warm climate once existed in Antarctica; fossils tropical plants were found here) e) Paleomagnetism – on the ocean floor we can see a pattern of when magnetic N and magnetic S have switched, proving seafloor spreading 6. Why did other scientists reject Alfred Wegener’s theory of Continental Drift? They rejected his theory because he couldn’t prove HOW the continents drifted. 7. 200 million years ago Alfred Wegener believed that there was a single landmass he named Pangaea. This supercontinent broke apart into the 7 continents. 8. Name the two types of crust and what each is made of: a) __Continental Crust__ is made of__ Granite ____ b)__Oceanic Crust_____ is made of ___Basalt (which is more dense!)____ 9. The Lithosphere is broken up into __Tectonic_____ ___Plates_____. 10. ___Seismic______ Waves are generated from an earth quake. These bounce off of the __Inner____ core because the ___Inner___ core is a solid mass. 11. The best way to explain _Magnetic____ __Reversal__ is when Magnetic North becomes Magnetic _South___ and Magnetic South becomes Magnetic __North_____. 12. ___Harry______ __Hess_____ discovered Sea Floor Spreading. What technology did he use to map the sea floor? ____sonar_________ 13. Inner and Outer Core Similarities & Differences: Try to list 3 or more Inner Core - differences Solid Ball Most dense layer Hottest Layer/most pressure Inner & Outer - similarities Both made of iron & nickel Both are extremely hot Outer Core - Differences Totally molten, or liquid Spinning causes magnetism 14. As you go deeper into the earth __heat___ and____pressure_____ increase! So does DENSITY!