Download Chapter 9 Growth of a Nation

CHAPTER 9
GROWTH OF A NATION
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 163-165
• Triumphs for the DemocraticRepublicans
• favored a limited central government
• viewed Jefferson’s victory as one for
the common man
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 163-165
• Reversing Federalist Policies
• overturned the Alien and Sedition Acts
• opposed a standing army and navy
• repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801
• challenged several sitting Federalist
judges based on political differences
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 163-165
• defeated in his attempt to remove
Samuel Chase from the Supreme Court
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 163-165
Jefferson maintained several Federalist
policies due to their success.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 163-165
• Conquering the Barbary Pirates
• They demanded annual tribute in
order to trade in the Mediterranean.
• They raised the annual tribute and
Jefferson refused to pay.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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“. . . it was written in their Koran, that all
nations who should not have answered
their authority were sinners, that it was
their right and duty to make war upon
them wherever they could be found, and
to make slaves of all they could take as
prisoners.”
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 163-165
• The Tripolitan War increased the
respect foreign countries had for the
United States.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 165-169
Nearly half of American trade passed
through New Orleans.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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• The Louisiana Purchase
• Jefferson sought to buy New Orleans
and East and West Florida.
• French foreign minister Talleyrand
countered by offering the entire
Louisiana Territory.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
p. 166
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 165-169
• Benefits of the Louisiana Territory
• nearly doubled the size of the United
States
• added resources (raw materials,
minerals, agricultural products)
• land for Indians
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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• The Lewis and Clark Expedition
• purpose
• make careful studies on the geology,
botany, and zoology of the region
• gather information on natives they met
• search for the source of the Missouri
River
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• report on any commercial possibilities
• seek evidence of British soldiers or forts
• guide: Sacagawea
• accomplishments
• discovered countless plants, animals,
and Indian tribes
• spurred interest in the West
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
• The Pike Expedition
• First expedition: searched for the
source of the Mississippi
• Second expedition: explored
Spanish-held territories
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Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 169-172
• Neutral Rights at Sea
• Great Britain and France were at war
and the United States sought to
capitalized economically by trading
with both.
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• The war developed into a stalemate,
so both countries attempted to
destroy the other’s economy.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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• British and French Actions
• Orders in Council: forbade any neutral
nation from trading in Europe without
first being inspected by Great Britain
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 169-172
• Berlin and Milan Decrees: threatened
seizure of any neutral ships trading
with Great Britain or abiding by the
Orders in Council
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 169-172
• The Chesapeake and the Leopard
• British sailors were deserting and
some were joining the U.S. Navy.
• The H.M.S. Leopard attempted to
search the U.S.S. Chesapeake for
deserters and fired on it when
refused.
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• The Embargo Act of 1807
• Jefferson responded not by war, but
through an embargo.
• embargo: a stop on all exports from the
United States
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• Non-Intercourse Act
• partially lifted the embargo and only
restricted trade with France and Great
Britain
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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• Indian Stirrings
• American settlers in Indiana came
under repeated Indian attacks, which
they blamed on the English and the
Canadians.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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• Tecumseh: organized Indian tribes
into a confederation in order to stop
America’s westward expansion
• William Henry Harrison: “the hero of
Tippecanoe”
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p. 173
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 173-177
• The War of 1812
• central issues that aroused thoughts
of war
• impressment
• neutral rights at sea
• British interference with Indians along the
American frontier
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
• Work of the War Hawks
• the War Hawks
• led by Henry Clay of Kentucky
• pushed for war with Britain
pp. 173-177
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 173-177
The United States declared war on Great
Britain two days after Britain suspended
its Order in Council.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
• American Handicaps
• small army and navy
• lack of funds
• poor communication networks
• poor leadership
pp. 173-177
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
pp. 173-177
• Fighting the War in the North: The War
in 1812
• attacked Canada
• lost much of the Northwest Territory
• had success at sea (U.S.S.
Constitution)
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• Fighting for the Great Lakes: The War in
1813
• Oliver Hazard Perry
• built a naval base on Lake Erie
• forced the British from the Great Lakes
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• Invasions in the East: The War in 1814
• the Northeast: British defeated at
Plattsburg, NY
• Chesapeake Bay
• The British burned the capital.
• The British were unable to take Fort
McHenry.
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• New Orleans
• Andrew Jackson: led the American forces
in the South
• Battle of New Orleans: biggest American
victory of the war (fought after the war
had officially ended)
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• The Treaty of Ghent, 1814
• The American delegation was led by
John Quincy Adams.
Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation
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• The treaty failed to settle the key
issue over which the war had been
fought—neutral rights at sea, but
established special commissions to
settle future disputes.
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• Results of the War of 1812
• gained international respect
• inspired a sense of nationalism
• created new national heroes
• developed much of their own industry
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• ended conflict between France and
Britain
• affected both political parties