Download Chapter 11 Jefferson Era-notes

Chapter 11-Jefferson Era
Election of 1800
A. Republican Candidates
1. President- _________________________
2. Vice-president- Aaron Burr
B. Federalist Candidates
President- ____________________________
Vice-president- Charles Pickney
C. For elections at that time, every elector casted 2 votes for President (the one with the second highest vote, would
be VP).
D. The disaster of the election of 1800.
1. The election resulted in a tie between Jefferson and Burr, which then went to a vote in the House of
Representatives.
2. With the persuasion of Alexander Hamilton, the tie was broken in the ________________________________
and Jefferson became President.
3. After this election, in 1803, the Twelfth Amendment was ratified which required electors to vote for the
president and vice-president on separate ballots.
Landmark Court Cases
A. _______________v.____________________ – ruled that the Supreme Court had the power to overturn a law
ruled unconstitutional.
1. This is known as _____________________________
2. Three principles of judicial review:
a. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
b. When there is a conflict between the Constitution and any other law, the Constitution must be followed.
c. The judicial branch has the job of upholding the Constitution.
B. ________________v.___________________ – Ruled that Congress has more powers than just those expressed in
the Constitution.
C. ________________v.___________________ – Ruled that national laws take precedence over state laws.
D. All these court cases were led by Chief Justice John Marshall.
1. He helped make the Judicial Branch equal to the Legislative and Executive Branches
Chapter 11-Jefferson Era
Louisiana Purchase
A. At the time, the United States only extended west to the _________________________ River. Everything west of
that was known as the Louisiana Territory.
B. The Louisiana Territory (recently obtained from Spain) was sold to President Jefferson and the United States by
Napoleon Bonaparte of France for 15 million dollars.
C. This instantly __________________ the size of the United States!
Lewis and Clark
A. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were hired by President ___________________________ to explore and
map the Louisiana Territory.
B. During their journey, a Native American woman named Sacagawea, joined their group as a guide.
C. They traveled over 4000 miles ending up at the Pacific Ocean in the ______________________ Territory in 1805.
D. They gathered important information on people, plants, animals and the geography of the West.
1. This inspired many people to move westward. This is the beginning of Manifest Destiny.
Road to War
A. Thomas Jefferson was elected to a second term in 1804
B. War between Great Britain and France rages on.
1. The United States profits from trading with both countries.
2. Great Britain begins the practice of impressment.
3. ___________________________ was when England would kidnap American sailors and force them to join
and fight for the British navy.
4. This was a violation of the neutral rights of the U.S.
Road to War continued…
C. President Jefferson passes the _________________________ Act.
1. The United States stopped trading with all countries.
2. Jefferson hoped this would end impressment.
3. The Embargo Act failed because it hurt American trade and it didn’t hurt Britain.
4. It did, however, lead to more factories in the U.S. being built.
Road to War Continued…
D. Conflicts with ____________________ Americans in the west led to Native Americans siding with the British.
1. General William Henry Harrison defeated Shawnee chief Tecumseh at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.
2. Tecumseh then joined his Native American forces with the British against the United States.
Chapter 11-Jefferson Era
E. Republican James Madison becomes our ________ President.
F. A group of young Republicans, nicknamed __________________, pushed for war with England to stop
impressment. They were led by John Calhoun and Henry Clay.
G. A sense of nationalism, loyalty to a country, began to spread.
H. Madison eventually asked Congress for a declaration of war.
War of 1812
A. War began in July of 1812.
B. Famous Battles and Events
1. Battle of Horseshoe Bend – Andrew Jackson and his troops slaughtered more than 550 Creek Indians who
allied themselves with Tecumseh.
2. The British burned down the __________________________.
a. Madison and U.S. leaders had to flee.
3. _______________________________ – British bombard the fort.
a. Francis Scott Key wrote a little poem called “The Star Spangled Banner” as he watched the battle.
4. Treaty of _____________________________-ends the war in 1814.
5. Battle of New Orleans – A month after the treaty, not knowing about the treaty, Andrew Jackson defends
New Orleans from an invading British Army.
Results of the War of 1812
A. This war finally made Britain fully recognize American _____________________________.
B. The American military began to grow and became more professional.
C. A sense of pride in their country, _________________________________, began to grow across the country.
1. Especially after the American victory at New Orleans.
D. Since people could not get manufactured goods from Britain during the war, many new
__________________________were built in the North.
1. This led to an ____________________________________ boom.
E. For a short time, there were no political parties after the war.
1. This was known as the Era of _______________________Feelings.