Download Earth*s Layers notes Part 2

Earth’s Layers notes Part 2
LT.CE.7- I can explain what occurs at
plate boundaries.
• There are three types of plate boundaries:
convergent, divergent, and transform.
• 1) Convergent boundaries are where two plates
are moving towards each other. This can result in
uplift or in subduction.
• Uplift results in mountain formation while in
subduction the more dense plate goes under the
less dense plate. The more dense plate gets
pushed into the mantle where it melts and the
buildup of new magma escapes to the surface as
a hot spot or volcano.
• Both uplift and subduction can cause earthquakes as
well.
• 2) Divergent boundaries are where two plates are
moving in opposite directions or away from each
other. Two main things that occur at this type of
plate boundary is sea floor spreading and rift valleys.
Sea floor spreading creates new sea floor and rift
valleys make huge valleys in the earth that will
sometimes fill up with water to create large lakes.
• 3) Transform boundaries are when two plates are
sliding and grinding against one another. This leads to
lots of friction and very strong earthquakes.
LT.CE.9- I can model the layers of the Earth
and what happens between them.
• Lithospheric plates or tectonic plates float on
the Mantle.
• Plates are less dense than the mantle, which
allows them to float.
• Plates are in constant motion; they move
extremely slow.
• The mantle has a current that pushes and
pulls the lithospheric plates along with it.
• The current in the mantle is a convection
current.
• Convection currents drive or power plate
tectonics.
• The mantle is a very viscous liquid. It is a very
sticky liquid.
• *Steps that make the plates move: 1) Warmer
mantle rises up and sticks to the lithospheric
plate.
• 2) New warmer mantle rises up and pushes
the cooling mantle to the side, which pulls the
lithosphere with it.
• 3) When the mantle completely cools it sinks
back towards the core where it will be heated
again.
• Draw the diagram on the board.
LT.CE.10- I can explain how interactions of the
Earth’s layers affect the surface and organism on the
surface.
• The major result of interaction of Earth’s layers that
affects organisms are earthquakes and volcanoes.
These are both caused by plate tectonics which we
have learned is a result of the layers interacting.
• Both earthquakes and volcanoes have the potential to
destroy habitat, homes, and kill organisms.
• Volcanoes can also produce new land for organisms to
live on and migrate to.
• The interaction of the core, specifically the outer core,
creates an electromagnetic field that protects
organisms from radiation.