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ICES developments Han Lindeboom, Vice Chair ACOM 2nd MSFD Descriptor 3+ meeting, Brussels, April 9-10, 2013 Priority issues • Ecosystem based management • Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) – Strategic initiative ACOM and SCICOM on MSFD ICES Council recognised that the MSFD posed new challenges • ICES has the CSGMSFD (reports to Council – new chair Bill Turrell) - Steer and coordinate development within ICES - New clients and stakeholders - Identify gaps -new science disciplines Role: link unbiased science with policy needs Living document (MSFD and EGs) Focus areas - Support and give advice to regional seas, harmonisation of advice - Indicator development - Indicators - science/policy interface, integrate across descriptors, link to management actions - Tool box for assessments – cumulative impacts, use MSP tools, risk assessment or integrated management strategy evaluations - Suite of models (behaviour, impact, socio/economic drivers) - Data collection and storing (interoperable, accessible) - Integrated Ecosystem Assessments ICES actions Development of Indicators • Operate at the science/policy interface • Transparent scoping exercise with policy developers • Clarify purpose of indicators and thresholds in management • Develop integration across descriptors Descriptor Databases existing Databases developing EG/ Fora D1 Biodiversity Conclusion ICES is developing a biodiversity risk assessment regarding species impacted by fisheries (PSA) 1.1 Species distr. (range, pattern, area) DAT, ICH, IC, RDB ACO 1.2 Population Descriptor DAT, FIS, IC, RDB abundance and/or biomass ACO 1.3 Population demographic characteristics ACO DAT, FIS, IC, RDB D6 Sea floor integrity Databases existing WGBIODIV Time series can be delivered for many fish populations WGBIODIV Databases developing TimeFora series can be delivered for many fish populations EG/ Conclusion EcoQo for Seabirds (OSPAR) WGBIODIV Time series exist for many fish populations Currently provide advice on protection for sensitive species and Provide indices for large fish indicator (DCF) habitats. ICES also provides scientific support to Member Countries on the interaction of fisheries and the conservation objectives associated with MPAs including NATURA2000 Benthic expertise combined with GIS and data are (upon request) able to (EMPAS/FIMPAS/BaltFimpa). EBSA revisions for NEAFC/OSPAR. provide habitat mapping at the regional sea level 1.4. Habitat distribution BEWG, WGMHM 1.5 Habitat extent BEWG, WGMHM Expertise from Baltic WGs can be applied with regards to habitat extent across the other regional seas. BEWG, WGDEC Working with EU FP7 project BENTHIS. WGMHM, WGVHES DCF, VMS As part ofWGDEC, on-going work developing ecosystem canDCF) provide WGECO, Provide time series of twooverviews indicatorsICES (under on the extent regional descriptions of habitat condition WGEXT of fisheries impact on the seabed. Aggregate extraction is annually mapped. 6.1.1 Abundance of biogenic substrate DOME 1.6 Habitat Condition 6.1.2of Extent of the seabed impacted Integrated the typical species and assessments/ communities ecosystem overviews 1.7 Ecosystem Composition 6.2.1 Presence of particularly sensitive DAT, species FIS, ICH, IC, RDB Integrated and/or tolerant assessments/ ecosystem overviews 6.2.2 Multi‐metric indexes assessing benthic community WGECO, WGBIODIV ACOM, WGDEC, Currently provide advice to NEAFC and EC on VMEs. As part of on-going work developing ecosystem overviews ICES can provide WGEF regional descriptions of ecosystem structure WGBIODIV, BEWG 6.2.3 Proportion of macrobenthos above some specified length/size BEWG 6.2.4 Parameters describing the size spectrum of the benthos WGECO, BEWG The MSFD is about all EU waters. ICES expert groups are open to all interested experts Environmental data • International databases - Long-term data series required for defining targets and setting thresholds for MSFD indicators • Collection and storing of data - Provision must be simple, integrated and timely. - Data from different sources must be interoperable (issue: assessable, ownership and access rights) ICES Data Portal Dataset Measurements No of years Biological community 691 899 33 Contaminants and biological effects 9 393 494 36 Fish predation (stomach contents) Fish trawl survey ICES Historical Plankton Oceanographic 1 149 608 5 406 336 318 319 252 024 523 12 48 11 124 Data - Ensure it, Secure it and Distribute it Uses Measures Indicators Integrated monitoring - towards integration of fisheries surveys and environmental monitoring ICES SG on Ecosystem Surveys, Science and Technology works to: • Develop, maintain, standardize, consolidate and advance assessment surveys • Encourage and support applications of advanced technologies for observing, monitoring and surveying marine ecosystems • Improve and advance survey capabilities in support of the Ecosystem Approach Integrated ecosystem assessment and advice at regional scale • ICES works in all "eco-regions" and in the western Atlantic. It develops methods for integrated ecosystem assessments (IEA) and provides the regional focus for others in the ICES network that want to apply the ecosystem approach. • Regional integrated assessment groups The Functioning of Marine Ecosystems Four major Determinants Anthropocene 11-year cycle Energy Man Natural driver of change Man-made drivers of change Temperate 18-year cycle N,P,Si Setting the stage Habitat (Intrinsic properties non-living nature) Determines reaction Intrinsic properties living nature 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 Estimated average # of species in 20 hls 51 10.8 to 27.6 27.6 to 31.6 31.6 to 35.3 35.3 to 39.1 39.1 to 55.9 50 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Info: [email protected] The Functioning of Marine Ecosystems Four major Determinants Energy Totaal-fosfaat, jaargemiddelden Totaal-stikstof, jaargemiddelden 1 0.1 Ptot mg P/l 0.2 Ntot mg N/l 2 3 0.3 4 100 Chlorofyl-a, zomerwaarden CHLFa ug/l 40 60 80 1975 Temperate Habitat (Intrinsic properties non-living nature) Depth Bottom type Currents Salinity Intertidal Waves (splash zone) Thermal vents Gas seeps Ice Biogenic structures Man-made structures N,P,Si 1980 1985 1990 Jaar 1995 2000 2005 0 0.0 Light/heat/kinetic Climate Temperature Wind Precipitation Tides/Currents + Nutrient availability Tectonics Volcanism Earth quakes Tsunamis 20 11-year cycle 0 18-year cycle Man Fisheries Hunting Anthropocene Aquaculture Eutrophication Pollution Mining Noise River inputs Waterworks/Polders/Embankments Hard substrate Rotor blades Management CO2 emissions Invasive species 1975 1980 Intrinsic properties living nature 1985 1990 Jaar 1995 2000 2005 1975 1980 1985 1990 Jaar 1995 2000 2005 Biodiversity Behaviour Production Recruitment Predation Diseases Reef building Evolution Regime shifts/sudden changes Resilience/sensitivity Feedbacks Match/mismatch Complexity/chaos Info: [email protected] 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 Estimated average # of species in 20 hls 51 10.8 to 27.6 27.6 to 31.6 31.6 to 35.3 35.3 to 39.1 39.1 to 55.9 50 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The Functioning of Marine Ecosystems Four major Determinants Energy Totaal-fosfaat, jaargemiddelden Totaal-stikstof, jaargemiddelden 1 0.1 Ptot mg P/l 0.2 Ntot mg N/l 2 3 0.3 4 100 Chlorofyl-a, zomerwaarden CHLFa ug/l 40 60 80 1975 Temperate Habitat (Intrinsic properties non-living nature) Depth Bottom type Currents Salinity Intertidal Waves (splash zone) Thermal vents Gas seeps Ice Biogenic structures Man-made structures N,P,Si 1980 1985 1990 Jaar 1995 2000 2005 0 0.0 Light/heat/kinetic Climate Temperature Wind Precipitation Tides/Currents + Nutrient availability Tectonics Volcanism Earth quakes Tsunamis 20 11-year cycle 0 18-year cycle Man Fisheries Hunting Anthropocene Aquaculture Eutrophication Pollution Mining Noise River inputs Waterworks/Polders/Embankments Hard substrate Rotor blades Management CO2 emissions Invasive species 1975 1980 Intrinsic properties living nature 1985 1990 Jaar 1995 2000 2005 1975 1980 1985 1990 Jaar 1995 2000 2005 Biodiversity Behaviour Production Recruitment Predation Diseases Reef building Evolution Regime shifts/sudden changes Resilience/sensitivity Feedbacks Match/mismatch Complexity/chaos Info: [email protected] 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 Estimated average # of species in 20 hls 51 10.8 to 27.6 27.6 to 31.6 31.6 to 35.3 35.3 to 39.1 39.1 to 55.9 50 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Towards integrated ecosystem assessments and advice • • • ICES has taken a multi-disciplinary view of regional ecosystems ICES runs training programs to build capacity for scientific advice Step-wise including ecosystem drivers, ecosystem impacts, and interactions with other issues /sectors – Considerations of environmental drivers on specific issue – Considerations of wider ecosystem impacts of options for societal action – Considerations of interactions with other human activities – If requested – trade off between losses and gains for relevant stakeholder groups Marine Eco-regions Overviews New activities • Updating ICES - New 2013-2018 Strategic Plan (EU will be asked to comment) - New Science Plan and Advice Plan - Integrated Ecosystem Assessments (and hence MSFD) as one core focus • New ways of working? - How to use ICES structures in best way for MSFD - SCICOM route too slow and ACOM route too formal ? - Consideration of National Resources - we can not afford duplication Workshop topics • MSFD descriptor 3 (commercially exploited fish and shellfish) • Status of Stocks • Fisheries related descriptors D1 Biodiversity D4 Food webs D6 Sea floor integrity • Integrated assessment and Ecosystem Overviews Thank you Questions?