Download Circulatory System

The Circulatory
System
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The Circulatory System
You will learn the following
Transport system needed (why?)
Functions of blood (3)
Composition of blood (4)
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For video on the
circulatory system.
Types of blood vessels (3)
Differences between arteries and veins (3)
What capillaries do.
Structure of the heart (5 labels and explain)
The main blood vessels of the heart (4 and function)
Average pulse rate and how to measure it.
How the heart pumps blood (7 points more honours)
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Find out from the video
(1) The size of the heart?
(2) Two types of blood vessels
(3)The number of chambers of the heart
(4)What the blood picks up at the lungs
(5)What the blood gets rid of at the lungs
(6)What causes blood pressure.
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Function:
To transport materials
around the body
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Digested food
Hormones
Waste chemicals - urea
Heat
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Compostion of Blood
( what blood is made up of)
A liquid called
plasma
 Red blood cells
 White blood cells
 Platlets

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Composition of Blood
Plasma:
 This is the liquid part of the blood
 It carries heat helping to keep body
temperature at 370C
 It carries dissolved substances such as
CO2, hormones e.g. Insulin and wastes e.g
urea.
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Composition of Blood
Red blood cells
 Doughnot shaped
 Red pigment called
haemoglobin which
carries oxygen in
the blood.
 Red blood cells
carry oxygen.http://www.sciencefin
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Composition of Blood
White Blood cells
 Fight disease
 Produce antibodies
to fight bacteria
etc.
 Gobble up harmful
bacteria etc.
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Composition of Blood
Platelets
 Fragments of
larger cells.
 Help clot the blood
and seal wounds.
 What is
haemophilia?
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There are THREE types of
blood vessels
 ARTERIES



carry blood away from
the heart
Thick, muscular,
stretchy wall
narrow central tube
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 VEINS




carry blood towards
the heart
thin walls with little
muscle
wide central tube
have valves
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 CAPILLARIES



carry blood between
arteries and veins
wall only one cell
thick
very narrow central
tube
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



Thick muscular walls
Divided into 4
chambers
Right side pumps
blood to lungs
Left side pumps
oxygenated blood
from the lungs to ALL
parts of body
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Right
Atrium
Left Atrium
Right
Ventricle
Left
Ventricle
The heart is
divided into
FOUR
chambers
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AORTA
PULMONARY
VEIN
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The heart
has four
major blood
vessels
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Red blood cell
collects OXYGEN
in the lungs
2
The oxygenated
cell travels along
the pulmonary vein
to the LEFT
ATRIUM
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Oxygenated
blood carried
to ALL parts
of body via
the AORTA
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Deoxygenated
blood carried
back from all
parts of body
via the
VENA CAVA
Deoxygenated
blood sent back
to the lungs for
oxygen via the
PULMONARY
ARTERY
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Inside every cell
oxygen is used
in
RESPIRATION
to produce
WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE +
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Draw a flow chart

1.
2.
3.
Show the route of a red blood cell
Starting at lungs and moving via heart to
arm
Leaving the arm and returning back to
the lungs
Labelled oxygenated blood cells (red),
deoygenated blood cells (blue), the
heart, lungs, arteries and veins
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LUNGS
Circulatory system
Artery – red
HEART
Vein - blue
ARTERY
carrying oxygenated
blood to leg
VEIN
carrying deoxygenated
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blood back to heart
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Circulatory
System
Circulation
Heart structure
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Double Circulation
Right side
Left side
Deoxygenated
blood from
the body is
returned to
the heart to
be pumped to
the lungs
Oxygenated
blood from
the lungs
enters the
heart and is
pumped to the
body organs
and tissues
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Pulmonary
system – up to
the lungs
CARBON
DIOXIDE
Systemic – to
the organs of
the body
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OXYGEN
Structure of the heart
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You need to be
able to label all
parts of the heart
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Blood
from ?
Blood from lungs
right atrium
?
valve
Right ventricle
Left ventricle – has
a thicker muscle
wall than right side
– why?
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RIGHT SIDE
LEFT SIDE
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Body
organs
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Blood to the ?
Blood
from ?
Blood to the ?
Blood from lungs
right atrium
Left atrium
valve
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
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RIGHT SIDE
LEFT SIDE
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Beating heart – blood flow
The valves prevent
the backflow of
blood.
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How do the
valves work?
How many
can you see?
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out
in
Can you
see the 4
valves?
Atrium and ventricle
muscles force the blood
through and out of the
heart
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in
VALVE
between the
atrium and
ventricle
Ventricle wall
Ventriclehttp://www.sciencefin
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Artery
Capillary
Vein
Carry blood
away from the
heart
Wall only one
cell thick.
Large lumen
Small lumen
No valves
Usually have
deoxygenated
blood.
Very elasticConnect arteries
walls can stretch to veins
Low pressure
Leaky so that
substances can
Usually have
pass out
oxygenate blood http://www.sciencefin
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Carry blood to
the
Haveheart.
valves that
No valves
stop blood moving
the wrong way
Heart disease
Arteriolosclerosis is
a disease where the
arteries harden or
thicken.
 Caused by smoking
and cholesterol in the
diet.
 Leads to high blood
pressure and
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increased risk of heart
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attack.

The Pulse Rate
Pulse = throbing sensation due to pressure of blood
against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps the
blood.

The average adult heart beats about 70 times per
minute.

It can be measured by taking your pulse rate for
example at the wrist.

Your pulse rate is a measure of how fit you are.
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Measuring your pulse rate

Find your pulse at the
wrist, neck or temple.

Using a stop watch count
the number of pulses in a
minute.

How would you show the
effect of exercise ón
pulse rate?

What effect do you think
exercise will have?
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Do the gap fill exercise
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