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Name ____________________________ Global History and Geography Unit 2, Section 6: Islam Date _____________ Per. _______ Islam Islam: General Facts o _________________________________ o Founder: _________________________________ o Holy Book: ____________________________ (Quran, Qur’an) o Spiritual leader: ______________________(the one true God) o Location: _________________, Saudi Arabia, Middle East (though practiced worldwide today) Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Mecca o Small, bustling market town o Oasis o ____________________ area in a ____________________ o Crossroads of major trade routes Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Muhammad o Born c. 570 CE o Became successful ____________________________ o Married at 25 to Khadija, a wealthy woman o Successful businessman and good husband/father Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Muhammad is Chosen o Worried of the “moral ills” in society o Did not approve of idol worship o Went to a cave outside of town to _____________________________ o Gabriel, an angel sent by God, told him to _____________________________________ o Khadija encouraged him to spread the word: ___________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Muhammad Leaves Mecca: The Hijra o Arabs in Mecca did not approve of Muhammad’s teachings o Muhammad receives death threats and leaves Mecca w/ small number of followers o Journeys to Yathrib, renamed ____________________________ o The journey was known as the ____________________________ Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Medina and Back Again o Muslim converts joined Muhammad here o He was a ruler/lawgiver/prophet o Returned to Mecca with 10k followers in 630 CE, took the city back o Destroyed all idols in the __________________________ Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Basic Beliefs of Islam o Monotheistic o Holy book: Koran o ______________________________, each person is responsible for knowing the religion o Worship at mosques (____________________________________) o Can’t eat pork and can’t drink alcohol Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ The Qur’an o Sacred text of Islam o “God is all-powerful and compassionate.” o Everyone is responsible for his/her actions o Judgement day: heaven or hell? o Written in ______________________________________ o Sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad o Sharia Law o ________________________________________________________________ o ___________________: Honesty, generosity, and social justice o Harsh punishments for stealing/murder o Jews/Christians: “People of the Book” Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ The Five Pillars of Islam 1. “There is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God.” 2. _________________________________ 3. Give charity to the __________________________ 4. Fasting during _________________________ 5. Hajj (____________________________) to Mecca Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Pillar I “There is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God.” o Monotheism o Only one God (___________________) to pray to Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Pillar II DAILY PRAYER o Ritual washing o Face toward _________________________ o 5 times per day o Often done is mosques (______________________________________) Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Pillar III ________________________________ o Help the less fortunate o Give to the poor Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Pillar IV FASTING o During the Muslim holy month, Ramadan o No eating/drinking from ___________________________________________ Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Pillar V ________________________________ o ____________________________ to Mecca o Must make trip at least once in lifetime o Not required if financially/physically incapable Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Another Duty o _________________________ o Struggle in God’s service o Some consider it spiritual effort to overcome immorality within themselves o Others interpret it to engage in warfare to spread/defend Islam Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Islam Today o World’s second largest religion o Over 1 billion Muslims in the world o The Islamic religion is often tied to terrorism, however this is unfortunate since the teachings of Islam are in direct contrast to these actions o Most terrorist groups have taken the teachings of Islam and twisted them to fit their extremist needs Questions/Comments ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________