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Measurement in degrees North or South of the Equator There are 90° both N and S of Equator Positions of latitude above the equator are called “North” and are in the Northern Hemisphere Positions of latitude below the equator are called “South” and are in the Southern Hemisphere Torrid Zone- region between 23.5°N and 23.5°S Only region on the Earth where the sun can be directly overhead at zenith (at a 90° angle) The position of the sun in the sky changes with latitude. The higher the sun, the lower the latitude The lower the sun, the higher the latitude Type of relationship? Lines of latitude are parallel to the equator There are 90° of latitude North and South of the equator The equator is 0° The equator divides the earth into 2 equal parts Latitude is: ____________________________ Anywhere in the Northern Hemisphere only, your latitude is equal to the altitude of Polaris (the North Star) Define Altitude: a) b) c) d) Always rises at sunset and sets at sunrise Is located over Earth’s axis of rotation Can be seen from any place on Earth Is a very bright star a) b) c) d) 52ºS 90ºS 52ºN 90ºN Polaris is located directly over the tropic of cancer b) Polaris is the brightest and most easily located star c) The altitude of Polaris is equal to the observers latitude d) The position of Polaris changes with the seasons a) Longitude is the degrees of measure East or West of the Prime Meridian, 0° The Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich, England Lines of longitude connect the North and South pole and are measure in degrees East or West There are 180 degrees of longitude East or West of the Prime Meridian Prime Meridian 0° Where the time zones are based off of GMT or Greenwich Mean Time International Date Line 180° Where the date changes In the middle of the pacific ocean The earth rotates 360° in 24 hours Calculate rate of rotation: Each time zone is a change in 15° of longitude 15° longitude of movement is equivalent to 1 hour of time Longitude lines connect the North Pole with the South Pole The line of 0° longitude is the Prime Meridian Longitude lines give directions East or West of the Prime Meridian There are 180° of longitude East or West of the Prime Meridian Define longitude: _______________________________________