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RECONSTRUCTION
LINCOLN’S
ASSASSINATION
Five days after the Civil War ended, Lincoln was
assassinated while watching a play at Ford’s
Theater in Washington, DC.
 His assassin was John Wilkes Booth, an actor
and Southern sympathizer.
 Booth escaped and was found days later in a
barn.
 Lincoln was the first president to be assassinated.
 Vice President Andrew Johnson became
President.

RECONSTRUCTION
 Reconstruction
was the time period after the
Civil War in which the nation was rebuilt,
especially the South
 The South was physically, economically, and
politically destroyed.
 What would all of these freed slaves do?
RADICAL REPUBLICANS
During Reconstruction, a group called the
Radical Republicans controlled Congress.
Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner led this
group.
 They wanted to destroy the power of former
slaveholders.


They wanted African Americans to have full
citizenship, including suffrage (the right to vote).
TH
13
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AMENDMENT
Outlawed slavery in America
Many former slaves were reunited with their families.
Many became sharecroppers or tenant farmers.
Sharecroppers: farmers who worked someone else’s
land & gave at least ½ of the profit to the landowner
at harvest time .
People in the North called sharecropping the
“continuation of slavery”.
Tenant Farmers: Rented the land and kept the profit
from the harvest.
RECONSTRUCTION
PLANS
Describe the Plan
Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
Johnson’s Reconstruction
Plan
Reconstruction Act of 1867
(Congressional
Reconstruction)
HOW TO IMPLEMENT RECONSTRUCTION?
 Different
groups had different ideas on
how to rebuild.
 Was the Executive Branch or the
Legislative Branch in charge of
Reconstruction?
LINCOLN’S TEN PERCENT
PLAN
Reconstruction
Plan
Lincoln’s Ten
Percent Plan
Describe the Plan
The government would pardon all
confederates who swore allegiance to the
Union, except high ranking officials
 After 10% of those who voted in 1860 took
the oath & wrote a Constitution, they could
form a new state government and gain
representation in Congress

JOHNSON’S PLAN (PRESIDENTIAL
RECONSTRUCTION)
Reconstruction
Plan
Johnson’s Plan
(Presidential
Reconstruction)
Describe the Plan
Each confederate state could be
readmitted to the Union if it would
meet several conditions
 Each would have to withdraw its
secession, swear allegiance to the
Union, annul Confederate war debts,
and ratify the 13th Amendment.

RECONSTRUCTION ACT OF 1867
(CONGRESSIONAL
RECONSTRUCTION)
Reconstruction
Describe the Plan
Plan
Reconstruction
Act of 1867
(Congressional
Reconstruction)
Divided the confederate states into 5 military
districts, each headed by a Union general.
 The voters in the districts (including blacks)
would elect delegates to conventions in which new
state constitutions would be drafted
 In order to reenter the Union, state constitutions
had to ensure that black men could vote & the state
had to ratify the 14th Amendment

FREEDMEN’S BUREAU
During Reconstruction, Congress approved
the passage of the Freedmen’s Bureau.
 It assisted former slaves and poor Southern
whites by distributing food and clothes, and
establishing hospitals, teacher training
programs, schools, and industrial institutions.

IMPORTANT RECONSTRUCTION LEGISLATION
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Civil Rights Act of 1866- gave African Americans
citizenship and forbade states from passing
discriminatory laws (called black codes)
14th Amendment- made all people born or naturalized
in the U.S. citizens. Also gave citizens equal
protection under the law
15th Amendment- no one could be denied the right to
vote because of race, color or previous condition of
servitude
JOHNSON IMPEACHED
 Led
by Radical Republican,
Thaddeus Steven,
Congress voted to
impeach Johnson.
 He was found not guilty by
one vote.
 Johnson did not run for reelection.
ULYSSES S. GRANT
BECOMES
PRESIDENT
 Former Union General,
Ulysses S. Grant, was
elected President of the
United States.
 He was a good general, but
not a good politician.
 His administration was
plagued with corruption.
DEMOCRATS COME TO
POWER
 With the efforts of the KKK, the
Democrats came to power again in the
South.
 This time period is known as
“redemption”.
 Democrats controlled the state
governments in the South .
 They also gained power in Congress.
COMPROMISE OF 1877
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The Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction.
In the election of 1876, Republican Rutherford B.
Hayes was elected President by one electoral vote.
Instead of the Democrats making a big issue out of
the election results, they made a deal with the
Republicans.
The Democrats would allow Hayes to stay President,
if the Republicans would pull the military out of the
South.
RUTHERFO
RD B.
HAYES
WHAT GROUP MADE UP THE
MAJORITY OF SOUTHERN
REPUBLICANS?
African
American
men who
could vote
for the first
time
NAME FIVE (5) WAYS THE LIVES OF
SOUTHERN AFRICAN AMERICANS
CHANGED DURING
RECONSTRUCTION.
1. Searched for loved ones
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Went to school
Able to hold paying jobs
Established churches
Could travel freely
They could run for political office & vote
HIRAM REVELS,
1ST AFRICAN
AMERICAN
SENATOR
WHAT IS MEANT BY THE PHRASE “40
ACRES AND A MULE”?
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General Sherman promised freed slaves
who followed his army 40 acres per family
and use of an army mule
Some actually received this as payment
Today, this has come to imply that African
Americans deserve payment (reparations)
for the work their ancestors did for this
country as slaves
WHAT WERE THE GOALS OF THE KKK?
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To restore white
supremacy
To prohibit African
Americans from
exercising their rights as
citizens *
To terrorize those who
wanted progress for
African Americans
WHAT WERE THE FAILURES OF
RECONSTRUCTION?

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Discrimination and racist attitudes
still existed
Jim Crow laws established
(segregation laws; laws that
separated the races)
Examples: literacy tests, poll taxes,
Grandfather clause
WHAT WERE THE SUCCESSES OF
RECONSTRUCTION?

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The 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments gave
rights to African Americans
African Americans established
churches, schools, and civic
organizations