Download Welcome to the Segment One Final Review

Mrs. Kingery
Module One
Module Two
Module Three
What is Science?
Using the Metric
System
The Scientific Method
Independent Variable
and Controls
The Electromagnetic
Spectrum
Light Waves
Sound Waves
Heat Transfer
Change of State
Law of Conservation
of Energy
Energy Conversions
Geologic Processes
Plate Boundaries
Ocean Formation
Layers of the Earth
Seismic Waves
Volcano Formation
 We
will talk
about the
main topics
from each
module
 You will also
learn how to
use the
whiteboard
Answers
questions
Must be
testable
What is Science?
Investigate and
learn about our
world
Based on
evidence
A Process
 The
Scientific Method is a systematic process
to investigate the world around us.
Step
Description
Example
Purpose
Decide what will be studied.
Research what is already known.
Which Laundry Detergent Cleans
Clothes the Best?
Hypothesis
Make a prediction of the outcome
If Tide is used to clean clothes,
then stains will be less noticeable
Experiment
Test your hypothesis
Wash white shirts with a 5 cm
Ketchup stain in different
detergents
Analysis
Examine your data. Look for
patterns
Measure stains before and after
washing. Determine which stains
were smaller.
Conclusion
State what was found out about
the hypothesis
Tide cleans clothes with Tomato
stains better as measured by size
of stain
 Independent
Variable : The variable a
researcher changes
 Control: The standard used for comparison
Independent Variable:
The Type of Detergent
Control:
Using plain water
Let’s Practice!
1.
500 g = _______Kg
2. 1.5 L = _____ mL
3. 6.4 Km = ________ m
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XS-
8FCqYo5M
 Great,
short video on how to convert
between units
1.
Science is :
2.
Purpose of completing an experiment:
3.
Independent Variable is ________ by the
researcher.
4.
6.2 Kg = ______ g

The Electromagnetic Spectrum is the range
of electromagnetic waves arranged from
highest to lowest frequency.

Things you know : UV damage, radio
signals, microwaves cooking

NOT sound waves, water waves , ect.
These electromagnetic waves are energy
waves. They can travel through a vacuum
(no particles needed)

Includes every color of light – notice our
eye picks up a very small part of the
spectrum

Main difference between the different
types of waves are the wavelength and
frequency

Wavelength effects frequency – the shorter
the wavelength, the higher the frequency
and the higher the energy






Crest
Trough
Wavelength
Amplitude
All waves have these
properties in common
– but why they are
important might be
different
Amplitude of a sound
wave determines
loudness or softness
while amplitude of a
light wave determines
brightness
Term
Definition
Reflection
Wave hits a surface
and bounces back
Refraction
Wave enters a new
material and bends
because of a change
in speed and
wavelength of the
wave
Absorption
Some part of the
energy of the wave
is lost as heat as the
wave moves into a
new material.
Light Example
Sound Example
Water Example
1. The main difference between waves on the
electromagnetic spectrum:
a. Wavelength b. wave height c. amplitude
2.
Draw a line to Match the Key Words:
Reflection
Less energy
Refraction
Bounce Back
Absorption
Bend
Need Particles?
Radiation: Heat
Transfer by waves
from a distance.
Example: The sun
Are particles in direct
contact?
Y
E
S
Conduction: Heat
transfer with
objects/particles
in direct contact.
Example: Hot pan
on stove
N
O
Convection: Heat
transfer by moving
fluids (liquid or
gases) Example: Hot
Air Balloon
 Energy
can neither be
created nor destroyed,
only transformed
 Energy Conversion: When
one form of energy is
changed to another.
Electrical energy changed
to light, sound and heat
energy in a TV.
1.
2.
3.
4.
What type of heat transfer would best
describe the parts of this picture?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Layers of the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Lithosphere: Rigid parts includes crust and uppermost
mantle.
A. Divergent: Plates
moving apart
Asthenosphere: Plastic parts (not that type of plastic!
) Here we mean material that can flow – almost
melted but not quite. This would include the middle
and lower mantle.
B. Convergent: Two
plates coming together. A
subduction zone forms
when one plate moves
under the other.
Centrosphere: Center of the Earth. Inner and outer
core – both iron. Outer core is liquid, inner core is
solid,
Volcanoes
Cinder: Dust, ash and
cinder layer with lava
Composite: Series of
violent and gentle
eruptions
Shield: Series of slow
gentle eruptions
C. Transform: Two plates
slide past each other –
more like a North/South
motion.
Plate movement is a geologic
process that can change land,
mountains and oceans
Earthquakes
Three types of waves are created by Earthquakes.
Primary waves can travel through solid and liquid
layers of the Earth
Secondary Waves: travel through solids only
Love or Land Waves: Travel through solids only
 WooHoo!
Just think – you have almost
completed an entire semester of science.
You should be proud!
Contact me if you have an other questions!