Download Contents Chapter 1 motivation, purpose, and research question P.3

ResearchGreek Mythology
90909 Cindy
Teacher; Ally
1
Contents
Chapter 1 motivation, purpose, and research question
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Chapter 2 Literature review & discussion
2.1 The twelve main gods in Olympic
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2.2 The relationship between the Greek gods and goddess
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2.3 The well-known hero stories
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2.4 The link between Greek mythology and the twelve zodiacs
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2.5 The difference between Greek mythology and Rome mythology
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Reference
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Sentiments
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Motivation
Since the first time I saw the movie ‘Percy Jackson’, I was attracted to it. Then, I decided
to read the whole series, which talked about the Greek mythology. Although I was very
interested in the mythology before, I wasn’t very enthusiastic studying it. But after reading
‘Percy Jackson’, my thirst for knowledge about Greek mythology was motivated. I wanted to
know more about the Greek mythology, and to dig deeper to the ancient Greece world.
Purpose
1.
To study more about the story and meaning of Greek mythology.
2.
To introduce the mysterious Greek mythology.
3.
To differentiate Greek mythology from Rome mythology
4.
To understand the stories that is written based on the systems of Greek mythology
Research Questions
1.
Who are the main gods in Olympic?
2.
What is the relationship among the main gods and goddess in Greek mythology?
3.
What are well-known hero stories?
4.
What is the link between Greek mythology and the twelve zodiacs?
5.
How to tell difference between Greek mythology and Rome mythology?
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1. The twelve main gods in Olympic
Zeus
Zeus was the god of the sky and ruler of the Olympian gods. Zeus overthrew his father
Cronus and imprisoned him in Tartaros. He is lord of the sky, the rain god. His weapon is a
thunderbolt which he hurls at those who displease him. He is married to Hera but is famous
for his many affairs. His breastplate was the aegis, his bird was the eagle, his tree was the
oak. He is represented as the god of justice and mercy, the protector of the weak, and the
punisher of the wicked.
Poseidon
Poseidon was the great god of the sea, rivers, flood and drought, earthquakes, and horses.
Poseidon created the first horse. His weapon is a trident, which can shake the earth, and
shatter any object. He is the brother of Zeus and is second only to Zeus in power amongst
the gods. He married Amphitrite, a granddaughter of the Titan Oceanus. Poseidon was
greedy. He had a series of disputes with other gods when he tried to take over their cities.
Hera
Hera is Zeus wife and sister. She was raised by the Titans Ocean and Tethys. She is the
supreme goddess, goddess of marriage and childbirth and takes special care of married
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women. Most stories concerning Hera have to do with her jealous revenge for Zeus's
infidelities. Her sacred animals are the cow and the peacock. Her favorite city is Argos. She
was usually depicted as a beautiful woman wearing a crown and holding a royal, lotus-tipped
staff.
Demeter
Demeter was the great Olympian goddess of agriculture, grain, and bread, the prime
sustenance of mankind. She also presided over the foremost of the Mystery Cults which
promised its initiates the path to a blessed afterlife. Demeter was depicted as a mature
woman, often crowned and holding sheaves of wheat and a torch. The abduction of her
daughter Persephone by Hades, and the great dearth she brought down upon the earth
Apollo
Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto. His twin sister is Artemis. He is the god of music, playing
a golden lyre, god of healing who taught man medicine. He is also the god of light and god of
truth, who cannot speak a lie. His tree was the laurel. Apollo was an archer with a silver bow,
who was good at far shooting, too. One of Apollo's more important daily tasks is to harness
his chariot with four horses and drive the Sun across the sky.
Artemis
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She was goddess of virginity, the hunt, the moon, and the natural environment. Artemis is
the daughter of Zeus and Leto. Her twin brother is Apollo. Like Apollo, she hunts with silver
arrows. She became associated with the moon. She is a virgin goddess, and she also
presides over childbirth, which may seem odd for a virgin, but goes back to causing Leto no
pain when she was born. The cypress is her tree. All wild animals are scared to her,
especially the deer.
Athena
Athena is the Greek virgin goddess of reason, intelligent activity, arts and literature. Athena
is the daughter of Zeus. She sprang full grown in armour from his forehead, thus has no
mother. She is the goddess of the city, handicrafts, and agriculture. She invented the bridle,
which permitted man to tame horses, the trumpet, the flute, the pot, the rake, the plow, the
yoke, the ship, and the chariot. She was Zeus's favorite child and was allowed to use his
weapons. Her city is Athens.
Aphrodite
Aphrodite is the goddess of love, desire and beauty. She represented sex, affection, and the
attraction that binds people together. She is the daughter of Zeus and Dione. In addition to
her natural gifts she has a magical girdle that compels anyone she wishes to desire her.
Aphrodite is the wife of Hephaestus, but her favorite lover is the god of war, Ares.
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Ares
Ares is the son of Zeus and Hera, the god of war. He is considered murderous and
bloodstained but also a coward. When caught in an act of adultery with Aphrodite her
husband Hephaestus is able publically ridicule him. His bird is the vulture.
Hephaestus
Hephaestus is the son of Zeus and Hera. He is the only god to be physically ugly, that Hera,
upset by having an ugly child, flung him from Mount Olympus into the sea, breaking his legs.
He is the god of fire and the forge. He is the smith and armour of the gods. He uses a
volcano as his forge. He is the patron god of both smiths and weavers. He is kind and peace
loving. His wife is Aphrodite.
Hermes
He was the cleverest of the Olympian gods, and messenger to all the other gods. Hermes is
the son of Zeus also his messenger. He can move fastest of the gods. He wears winged
sandals, a winged hat, and carries a magic wand. Hermes is the god of thieves and god of
commerce. He is the guide for the dead to go to the underworld. He invented the lyre, the
pipes, the musical scale, astronomy , weights and measures, boxing, gymnastics, and the
care of olive trees.
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Dionysus
Dionysus was the great Olympian god of wine, vegetation, pleasure and festivity. He was
depicted as either an older bearded god or a pretty effeminate, long-haired youth. His
attributes included the thyrsus (a pine-cone tipped staff), drinking cup, leopard and fruiting
vine. He was usually accompanied by a troop of Satyrs and Marinades (female devotees or
nymphs).
2. What is the relationship between the Greek gods and goddess?
The Mother of Olympic gods- Gaea:
In Greek mythology, the original form of the universe is chaos. Chaos gave birth to the
goddess of Earth, Gaea. Then, Gaea gave birth to the god of the vault of heaven, Uranus.
They combined and became the ruler of the world. They also gave birth to six boys and six
girls, called the twelve Titans.
The Titans:
The Titans were six elder gods named Kronos, Koios, Krios, Iapetos, Hyperion and
Okeanos, one of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth), who ruled the cosmos before the
Olympians came to power. When their father was king he imprisoned six giant brothers of
the Titan--the Kyklopes and Hekatonkheires--in the belly of Earth. Gaia was incensed and
incited her Titan sons to rebel. Led by Cronus, five of the six brothers, laid an ambush for
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their father, seizing hold of him as he descended to lie upon Earth. Four of them--Hyperion,
Krios, Koios and Iapetus --were posted at the four corners of the earth to hold Sky fast, while
Cronus in the centre castrated him with an adamantine sickle. After they had seized control
of the cosmos, the Titans released their storm giant brothers from Gaea’s belly, only to lock
them away shortly afterwards in the pit of Tartaros.
Zeus’ Father- Cronus:
One of the Titans, Cronus, ruled the cosmos during the so-called Golden Age, after
castrating and deposing his father Ouranos (the Sky). In fear of a prophecy that he would be
in turn be overthrown by his own son, Cronus swallowed each of his children as soon as
they were born. Rhea managed to save the youngest, Zeus, by hiding him away on the
island of Krete, and fed Cronus a stone wrapped in the swaddling clothes of an infant. The
god grew up, forced Cronus to disgorge his swallowed offspring, and led the Olympians in a
ten year war against the Titans, before driving them defeated into the pit of Tartaros.
Zeus’ Family:
Hestia, Demeter, and even Zeus’s wife Hera were his sisters. Poseidon and Hades were
his brothers.
Zeus gave many gods birth at his time. Except Athena was jumped out from his head, the
others were born by Zeus affair.
The family tree of the Olypians:
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Uranus = Gaea
↓
--------------------------------------↓
↓
↓
Cronus = Rhea
↓
Coeus = Phoebe
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|
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|
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Iapetus
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Athena |
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
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---------------
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Prometheus |
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---------
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Leto = Zeus
Hestia | Poseidon | Demeter=Zeus
Hades Zeus = Hera |
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Persephone
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Oceanus = Tethys
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---------------------|
↓
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Atlas
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Apollo Artemis
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Epimetheus
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Aris Hebe Hephaestus
Zeus=Maia Zeus=Dione
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Hermes
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Aphrodite
3. What are the well-known hero stories?
○
1Achilles: A hero of Trojan War.
Achilles was the most handsome, capable and worthy of all the heroes that participated in
the Trojan War. He was born as the son of Peleus, the King of Pithia in Thessaly, and the
silver footed sea goddess Thetis.
Achilles' mother Thetis was strongly attached to her son and when he was born, she
attempted to make him immortal by dipping him in the sacred waters of the river Styx.
However, she did not quite achieve what she had hoped for, while she was keeping him
inside the waters, she had to hold by one heel, leaving a vulnerable spot on Achilles' body.
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This weakness turned out to be crucial for Achilles, since he got killed during the Trojan War
by an arrow that hit exactly that spot.
The expression "Achilles heel" remains until today, describing a small, but important
weakness of a human being.
○
2Heracles: The strongest and most worshipped hero of Ancient Greece.
Ever since he was a child, Heracles made it obvious that he was not a common mortal but
was in possession of extraordinary strengths and divine gifts.
Heracles was born when Zeus managed to seduce his flame, Alkmene, by transforming
himself into her husband Amphitryon. Zeus affair with Alkmene resulted in the hatred of
Zeus' wife Hera and her will to destroy Heracles by any means.
By the time Heracles was 8 months old, Hera sent out two snakes to the cradle of Heracles,
where he was sleeping , in order to destroy him. Heracles' strength, though, was so
immense that he managed to struggle the snakes with bare hands.
When he grew up, Heracles married Megara and together they had 5 children. Hera,
however, who still hadn’t got her revenge, armed Heracles with a destroying anger which
made him kill both his wife and his children. When he realized what he had done, he referred
to the Delphic oracle, asking the Greek god Apollo what needed to be done in order to be
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forgiven for his mistakes. Apollo advised him to return to his place of origin in order to serve
Evrystheus, the King of Mycenae.
But Evrystheus, leaded by Hera, again tried to exterminate him and assigned him 12 labors,
and the lion of Nemea is the most famous one.
Heracles was asked to kill a huge Lion that was dwelling in Nemea, mangled persons and
animals, terrorizing the population of the region. The lion was trained up by Hera and had a
skin that was impervious even to iron weapons.
When Heracles met the Lion of Nemea, he attempted to use his arc, but the arrows were
incapable to kill the lion so Heracles had to use his club and followed him in a cavern with
two entrances.
Heracles covered one entrance with stones and entered from the other in order to find the
lion. Without using his club, he gripped the lion from the neck, twirled him and with the
immense force of his hands he choked it to death.
○
3Odysseus: The main hero of the Trojan War and the protagonist in Homer's Epos
"Odyssey".
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Odysseus was a Greek hero who became famous through his participation in the Trojan War.
He initially didn't want to join, faking madness. Only when the hero Palamedes threatened to
kill his son with a sword did Odysseus reveal his sanity and finally agreed to take part.
Odysseus embarked for Troy knowing full well the oracle prediction that he would see his
family again after a very long time. Soon enough, the oracle was proven right- the Greek
heroes may have managed to achieve victory over Troy, but still the gods were dissatisfied
with their arrogant attitude and decided to punish them. Odysseus, in particular, was sent
out on a long, perilous journey which lasted ten years and on which he had to endure
numerous adventures in stormy seas and hostile lands in order to finally reach his home, the
island of Ithaca.
The accomplishments of Odysseus are rather allegorical, symbolizing the extremes of effort
to which man is prepared to go in order to accomplish his goals.
○
4Pandora: The first woman created by the Olympian gods.
Zeus created a female human form out of earth and water and to make her look as beautiful
as the gods. All Olympian gods contributed to the creation of her appearance and
personality, in both a positive and a negative way.
Aphrodite, the goddess of love, blessed her with beauty and grace, but on the other side
there was Apollo, the god of the music, who seeded lies into Pandora's soul.
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Athena, with the help of the Graces , dressed her with golden jeweler, but Hermes, the gods'
messenger, made her shameless and Hera, the wife of Zeus, blessed her with extreme
curiosity. Because of the many gifts she received, the woman became entitled with the name
Pandora, the "all-endowed".
On her completion, Pandora was given a jar which she was told by the gods not to touch.
However, Pandora was an avid personality and couldn't resist lifting the lid. As soon as the
jar was open, all evil spirits were brought to light, such as pain, hunger or greed. As soon as
Pandora realized the damage, she quickly put back the lid and, this way, she luckily
prevented the escape of the remaining Hope from the jar.
From that moment on, mankind started experiencing times of evil in life, but can always
count on Hope as his constant comfort.
○
5Theseus: The most important king of Athens and after Heracles the most popular hero in
Ancient Greece.
Theseus was the son of the king of Athens, Aegeus. At the age of 16, he already was
capable to lift the rock and leave for Athens. Although Theseus was advised to travel by sea,
he preferred to take the land route from Troezen to Athens; this way, he had to go through
numerous adventures and obstacles.
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When Theseus reached Athens, he did not reveal his identity at first. Aegeus’ new wife
Medea, who already had a child with Aegeus and possessed the gift of prophecy, saw a
threat in Theseus and told Aegeus that Theseus was conspiring against him. So Aegeus
sent Theseus away to Marathon to tame the Cretan Bull. Theseus was able to accomplish
the task and, back in Athens, he sacrificed the bull to Apollo.
When he returned to Athens, Medea again tried to harm Theseus by poisoning him. But at
that point, Aegeus recognized his son from his sandals and his sword and knocked the cup
from his hands. From that moment on, father and son were reunited and Medea was exiled
with her son to Asia. Theseus became the king and founding hero of Athens and always
occupied a special place in the hearts of the Athenians
○
6Perseus: The founder of Mycenae and the Greek hero who killed the Gorgon Medusa.
Perseus was the son of Zeus and the princess Danae. According to a prophecy, Danae's
child would be so strong that would kill the king of Argos- so Arcisius decided to imprison his
daughter in a dungeon to prevent any man from approaching her. But Zeus, the king of the
gods, had fallen so madly in love with Danae and transformed himself into a shower of
golden rain and penetrated into the dungeon.
Danae and Zeus gave birth to a child and called him Perseus and Arcisius put Danae and
her son in a chest of wood and threw them into the sea. The wind guided them to Seriphos
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where the fisherman Polydectys discovered them and offered them hospitality. Perseus was
raised up secretly in he island of Seriphos and soon became a very strong and courageous
man- so, time had come for Perseus to be challenged on a very dangerous feat: the feat of
delivering the head of the gorgon Medusa.
The Gorgon Medusa was a monstrous, yet mortal creature with glorious hair that had the
power to turn anyone who looked at her into stone. Messenger of the gods Hermes
borrowed Perseus his winged shoes and Athena borrowed her shield, and with these
weapons Perseus succeeded in defeating the Medusa.
On his way back to Seriphos, Perseus fell in love with Andromeda of Aethiopia and they
married. Together, they went to city of Larissa, where the funeral games were being held,
and Perseus participated. But while he was while competing in a game, he threw the discus
so far, it went out of his and struck his grandfather Acrisius fatally, fulfilling this way the
prophecy once been told.
○
7Agamemnon: One of the most distinguished Greek heroes who participated in the Trojan
War.
Agamemnon was the King of Mycenae and leader of the Greek forces at Troy. Agamemnon
was the son of the King Atreus, who got dethroned and murdered by his brother, Aegisthus.
During this period, Agamemnon and his brother Menelaus were taking refuge with
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Tyndareus, king of Sparta. Agamemnon wanted Tyndareus’ daughter Clytemnestra for his
wife and therefore killed her first husband and child.
Agamemnon and Clytemnestra had 4 children: Iphigenia, Electra, Chrysothemis and
Orestes. In order to appease Artemis to calm the wings of the Greek sails and make them
arrive safely in Troy, Agamemnon was told by the seer Calchas to sacrifice his eldest
daughter Iphigenia to Artemis. Agamemnon finally gave in and Iphigenia was brought to
Aulis in order to be sacrificed; in the end, Artemis decided to save Iphigenia and carried her
away, putting a deer in her place.
Clytemnestra never forgave Agamemnon for sacrificing their daughter and by the time
Agamemnon was fighting in the Trojan War, she fell for Agamemnon uncle, Aegisthus.
When he returned from Troy, Agamemnon took his mistress Cassandra with him. This made
Clytemnestra even angrier and she slew both Agamemnon and Cassandra with an ax.
4.
What is the link between Greek mythology and the twelve zodiacs?
♈Aries: The Ram
Aries is a zodiacal constellation representing the ram of the Golden Fleece sought by Jason
and the Argonauts. The ram had originally been presented to Nephele by Mercury when her
husband took a new wife, Ino, who persecuted Nephele's children. To keep them safe,
Nephele sent Phrixus and Helle away on the back of the magical ram, who flew away to the
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east. Helle fell off into the Hellespont between the Aegean Sea and the Sea of Marmara,
but Phrixus safely made it to Colchis on the eastern shore of the Black Sea. Phrixus
sacrificed the ram and presented the Golden Fleece to the king, Aeetes.
♉Taurus: The Bull
According to myth, Taurus represents the bull-form taken on by Zeus when he became
enamored of Europa, princess of Phoenicia. The princess Europa was impressed by the
beauty and gentleness of the bull, and the two played together on the beach. Eventually,
Europa climbed onto the bull's back, and he swam out to sea with her. He took her to Crete
and revealed his true self.
♊Gemini: The Twins
Gemini is a zodiacal constellation representing the twin brothers Castor and Pollux. Both
were mothered by Leda, and were therefore brothers of Helen, but they had different fathers:
In one night, Leda was made pregnant both by Zeus in the form of a swan and by her
husband, the king Tyndarus of Sparta. Pollux, as the son of a god, was immortal and was
renowned for his strength, while his mortal brother Castor was famous for his skill with
horses. Both brothers voyaged in search of the Golden Fleece as Argonauts, and then
fought in the Trojan War to bring their sister home to her husband Menelaus. They are
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traditionally depicted as armed with spears and riding a matched pair of snow-white horses.
The most common explanation for their presence in the heavens is that Pollux was
overcome with sorrow when his mortal brother died, and begged Zeus to allow him to share
his immortality. Zeus, acknowledging the heroism of both brothers, consented and reunited
the pair in the heavens
♋Cancer: The Crab
The most widely accepted story is that Cancer was the crab sent to harass Hercules while
he was on his second labor. As he battled the Lernaean Hydra, the ever-jealous Juno sent
Cancer to nip at the hero's heels. The crab was eventually crushed beneath Hercules's feet,
but Juno placed it in the heavens as a reward for its faithful service.
♌Leo: The Lion
The zodiacal constellation Leo is generally accepted to represent the Nemean Lion, killed by
Hercules during his first labor. According to myth, the Nemean lion had an impenetrable skin.
Hercules got around this potentially serious obstacle by wrestling the lion and strangling it to
death. He then removed one of its claws, and used it to skin the animal. From then on,
Hercules wore the skin of the Nemean Lion as protection.
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♍Virgo: The Virgin
According to the ancient poets, the virgin is also sometimes known as Astraea. She lived on
the earth during the Golden Age of man.
The "daimones" are invisible spirits which watch over men. Presumably, although it is
unclear, Astraea is the daimone whose province is justice. The emblem of her office was
therefore the scales (Libra), which are seen next to Virgo in the sky.
♎Libra: The Scales
Libra represents the balance or scales, and is one of the oldest constellations. Although now
associated with Virgo, a goddess of justice who had scales as the emblem of her office, it
was once associated with the fall equinox. On that day, the days and nights are of equal
length.
♏Sropius: The Scorpion
The scorpion is generally believed to be responsible for the death of the great hunter Orion.
According to some myths, the scorpion stung Orion in response to his boast that he could
defeat any beast; according to others, it was sent by Apollo, who was concerned for his
sister Diana's continued chastity.
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♐Sagittarius: The Archer
The zodiacal constellation Sagittarius represents the centaur Chiron. Most of the centaurs
were regarded in myth as half horse. However, the ancient Greeks had a great deal of
respect for the horse, and so were reluctant to make the centaurs entirely bad. In fact,
Chiron was renowned for his gentleness. He was an excellent archer, musician, and
physician, and tutored the likes of Achilles, Jason, and Hercules.
Chiron, however, was accidentally shot and wounded by Hercules. The arrow, which had
been dipped in the poison of the Hydra, inflicted great suffering on Chiron--so great, in fact,
that even the talented physician could not cure himself. In agony, but as an immortal unable
to find release in death, Chiron instead offered himself as a substitute for Prometheus. The
gods had punished Prometheus for giving fire to man by chaining him to a rock. Each day an
eagle would devour his liver, and each night it would grow back. Jupiter, however, had at the
request of Hercules agreed to release Prometheus if a suitable substitute could be found.
Chiron gave up his immortality and went to Tartarus in place of Prometheus; in recognition of
his goodness, Zeus placed him in the stars.
♑Capricorn: The Sea Goat
This zodiacal constellation, like Pisces, depicts the result of the sudden appearance of the
earthborn giant Typhoon. Bacchus was feasting on the banks of the Nile at the time, and
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jumped into the river. The part of him that was below water was transformed into a fish, while
his upper body became that of a goat. From this point of view, he saw that Typhoon was
attempting to tear Zeus into pieces; he blew a shrill note on his pipes, and Typhoon fled.
Zeus then placed the new shape of Bacchus in the heavens out of thanks for the rescue.
Capricorn has therefore from antiquity been represented by a figure with the head and body
of a goat and the tail of a fish.
♒Aquarius: The Water Carrier
The water carrier represented by the Aquarius is Ganymede, a beautiful Phrygian youth.
Ganymede was the son of king of Troy. While tending his father's flocks on Mount Ida,
Ganymede was spotted by Zeus. The king of gods became enamored of the boy and flew
down to the mountain in the form of a large bird, whisking Ganymede away to the heavens.
Ever since, the boy has served as cupbearer to the gods.
♓Pisces: The Fishes
The horrible earthborn giant Typhoon suddenly appeared one day, startling all the gods into
taking on different forms to flee. Zeus, for instance, transformed himself into a ram; Mercury
became an ibis; Apollo took on the shape of a crow; Diana hid herself as a cat; and Bacchus
disguised himself as a goat. Aphrodite and her son Cupid were bathing on the banks of the
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Euphrates River that day, and took on the shapes of a pair of fish to escape danger. Minerva
later immortalized the event by placing the figures of two fish amongst the stars.
5.
How to tell difference between Greek mythology and Rome mythology?
Greek Gods
Gods in
Description:
Roman Gods
Greek Mythology, i.e. the
collection of stories or myths of
Gods in Roman mythology, i.e.
the ancient
the
gods,
Greeks about their
heroes and the natural
mythological beliefs about
gods in the city
of Ancient Rome.
world.
Time period:
Literary source:
Iliad distributed 700 years before
Came 1000 years after the
the Roman civilization.
Greeks
Greek myths chronicled in the
Roman myths chronicled in the
book the Illiad
by Homer
book Aeneid
Many
Origin of mythology:
Not known
Roman gods borrowed
from Greek mythology and myths
of Roman creation from Greeks
Nature of gods:
Gods and goddesses based on
Deities named after objects
human personality traits such as
rather than human personality
Love, Honor, Hatred, Dignity.
traits.
Mortals did good deeds on earth
Importance of the physical life on to be rewarded in the afterlife.
Afterlife:
earth rather than eventuality of
They strove to gain their place
the afterlife.
among the gods in heaven in the
afterlife.
Traits:
Role of mortals:
As gods were based on human
Gods and goddesses not gender
traits they each had
specific so their individual
characteristics that determined characteristics were not central to
their actions.
the myths.
Deities were important for the
Myths rooted in brave, heroic
progression of life but mortals
deeds of gods not mortals as
were just as important as it was
mortal life was not important
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Greek Gods
Roman Gods
their contribution in society that
after death.
in the end mattered
Individualistic: actions of the
Actions of mortals and
individual were of more
gods:
consequences than actions of the
Not individualistic
group
Creativity more important than
physical works. They revered
Revered traits:
the
poet
words. They revered the warrior
as scared
Greek gods had beautiful bodies
where gorgeous muscles, eyes
Physical forms:
Focused on actions rather than
and hair would enhance their
looks
Gods did not have a physical
appearance – represented only in
the imagination of the people.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Greek God
Roman
(English name)
Counterpart
Aphrodite
Venus
Goddess of Love
Apollo
Phoebus Apollo
God of Light
Ares
Mars
God of war
Artemis
Diana
Athena
Minerva
Goddess of wisdom
Demeter
Ceres
Goddess of grain/crops
Dionysus
Bacchus
God of wine
Eros
Cupid
God of love
Hades
Pluto
God of underworld
Helios
Sol
The sun God
Hephaestus
Vulcan
God of fire
Domain
Virgin goddess of the hunt, wilderness, wild animals, childbirth and
plague. In later times she became associated with the moon.
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Hera
Juno
Queen of the Gods
Hermes
Mercury
Messenger of the Gods
Nike
Victoria
Goddess of victory
Pan
Faunus
God of woods and pastures
Poseidon
Neptune
God of the sea
Zeus
Jupiter
King of Gods
Reference
1.http://www.greekmythology.com/
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_mythology
3. http://www.theoi.com/
4. http://www.desy.de/gna/interpedia/greek_myth/lessorgod.html
5. http://www.greek-gods.info/
6. http://www.comfychair.org/~cmbell/myth/myth.html
Sentiments
By doing this research, I understood how to search information on the Net and how to
gather all those information to make a report. Searching information on the Net wasn’t
difficult, but it was very troublesome to get the information which you wanted. Also, it was
hard to present your report in front of many people. I practiced a lot of times before the
presentation, but I still needed more improvement. Although doing a research by myself is a
hard work, I still hope I can have more opportunities to finish a research again.
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