Download REVIEW IESS Earth Material and Processes 2012

Name________________________________________ Date: ____________________
Period: _________
Review for Earth’s Materials and Processes Unit Final
1. How can there be more than 4000 different minerals if there are only 108 elements?
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2. What are the five characteristics of all minerals?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Use the information in the table to answer questions 3-5
Rock
A
B
C
D
E
Unique Features
Randomly arranged large pink, black and white crystals.
Rock is made of stripes of light and dark minerals
Rock is made of pebbles and fossils cemented together in
layers/strata.
Randomly arranged tiny pink, black and white crystals.
Shiny, black rock
Particles
or
Crystals?
crystals
crystals
particles
crystals
no crystals
Particles size /
crystal size
coarse
coarse
coarse (pebbles)
fine
none/glassy
3. Which rock, or rocks, is most likely a sedimentary rock? ____________
4. Which rock, or rocks, is most likely a metamorphic rock? ____________
5. Which rock, or rocks, is most likely an igneous rock?
____________
6. Which types of rocks may be later broken down to form sedimentary rocks? ________________
7. What criterion do geologists use to classify rocks into the three major groups: igneous rock,
sedimentary rock, and metamorphic rock?
__________________________________________________________
8. Identify each of the following processes:
a. ________________________: dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles together.
b. ________________________: sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it.
c. ________________________: sediments are pressed together.
d. ________________________:running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away fragments.
9. Arrange the following terms, currently in ABC order, into the correct sequence for forming sedimentary
rocks: cementation, compaction deposition and erosion
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10. What process will lead to large crystal formation?
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11. What is the main characteristic that provides evidence a rock is a sedimentary rock?
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12. You see a the side of a mountain with a rock layer of large rounded grains on the bottom level, then medium,
then very small and fine grains on a top layer.
How would you describe the environment where the deposition of the sediments originally occurred?
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13. What is the process that breaks rocks down into fragments and sediments? _________________
14. Identify each of the following forms of weathering:
a. Breaks down rocks without changing their chemical composition:
__________________ ( or ____________________ ) ____________________________
Examples:
b. Happens when water, air, or other substances react to the minerals in rocks, soils, and building
materials to change their chemical composition: __________________ ____________________
Examples:
15. What can you infer causes a difference in weathering in two statues that are next to each other?
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16. What can you infer if two identical pieces of rock in different locations weather differently?
_______________________________________________________________________________
17. What is the most common agent of erosion? __________________________________
BCR 1: Rock Cycle
What is one possible pathway through the rock
cycle?
In your response, be sure to
 cite features that distinguish among the
three types of rock
 relate rock features to formation process
BCR 2: Agents of Erosion
A house sits on the edge of a cliff overlooking the
ocean. A pile of sediments can be seen deposited at
the base of the cliff. How will the cliff change over
time?
In your response be sure to
 Identify the agents of erosion that will
impact the house and its location in the
future.
 Describe how the agents of erosion work
together.
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