Download Respiratory System

the body system that helps to use the air
you breathe.
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General Purpose

exchange of gases between you and your
environment

external respiration – gas exchange
between the environment and our lungs

internal respiration – gas exchange
between lungs/blood and body cells

cellular respiration – inside the cell itself
Structure

mouth and nose – entry and exit points for gases
like oxygen and carbon dioxide

pharynx – throat

larynx – voice box; air moves past two ligaments
causing sound

trachea – windpipe; connects mouth/nose to the
bronchial tubes

bronchial tubes – two branches from the trachea
that lead to each lung
Structure (cont.)

bronchioles – smaller branches that extend from
the bronchial tubes further into the lungs

alveoli – small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles;
where gas (O2 and CO2) exchange takes place (300
million in the lungs)

lungs – two cone-shaped organs that fill with air
during breathing

diaphragm – main muscle used in the breathing;
contracts when you inhale and relaxes when you
exhale
Care

Avoid smoking

Avoid Second Hand Smoke (in some cases can be
worse then smoking itself)

Avoid polluted air

Asthma – avoid asthma triggers such as pet hair,
dust and other irritants

Exercise – specifically running, jogging or bicycling
(cardio) increases O2 circulation
Problems

bronchitis – inflammation of the bronchial
tubes; often caused by a severe cold

pneumonia – infection of an area of the lungs;
caused by exposure to sudden changes in
temperature, alcoholism or poor nutrition

asthma – condition whereby thick mucous is
produced by the bronchioles making it difficult
to breathe. This is another type of AutoImmune disorder.
Problems (cont.)

tuberculosis – disease caused by the
development of tubercles or nodules on the
lungs.

emphysema – causes the alveoli to
disintegrate making it difficult for air to pass
out of the lungs; condition cannot be reversed;
smoking is a major cause.

lung cancer – abnormal growth of cells in the
lungs , 2nd Leading cause of cancer deaths.
First Aid

Choking/Heimlich Maneuver – forces air out of the lungs
in order to push out an object that is blocking the airway
(for a standing, conscious victim).

Abdominal Thrusts – same principle as the Heimlich, but
for an unconscious victim lying on their back. This is
taught by AHA – American Heart Association

Rescue Breathing – requires breathing for the victim
while the victim’s heart continues to beat.

First Aid Procedures – 3 C’s: Check – Call – Care

Check ABCs (first aid emergency basics)
 Airway, Breathing, Circulation
Working together…

Circulatory – heart pumps blood
through the lungs; blood carries O2 to all
body cells

Excretory – release CO2 out of the
body through the nose and mouth

Muscular – diaphragm enables us to
inhale/exhale