Download Electricity scheme

11 May 2017
ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM
4 weeks
Physical World Achievement Objectives:
Physical inquiry and physics concepts
 Identify and describe the patterns associated with physical phenomena found in simple everyday situations involving movement, forces, electricity
and magnetism, light, sound, waves, and heat. For example, identify and describe energy changes and conservation of energy, simple electrical
circuits, and the effect of contact and non-contact on the motion of objects.
Using physics
 Explore a technological or biological application of physics.
Focusing questions?
 How do we get static electricity shocks?
 How does a photocopier work?
 What substances conduct best?
 How is electricity made?
 How is magnetism related to electricity?
 What is a circuit diagram?
 How do fuses work?
Key competencies focus:
All key competencies are incorporated into this unit of work, however, in this unit there is particular emphasis on:
 Using language, symbols, and texts.
 Participating & contributing.
Assessment Focus:
 Written test
Literacy Focus:
Key words/Terms
Key words/terms: nucleus, proton, neutron, electron, charge, positive, negative, static, conductor, insulator, current, amp, volt, resistance, resistor, circuit,
lamp, switch, cell, battery, ammeter, voltmeter, series, parallel, fuse, magnetic field, fuse.
Note: NOS = Nature of Science text NMS = New Millennium Science text, KISS = Kiwi Integrated Science text.
Learning Experiences
1. Electrostatic charges (Static electricity)
 Pretest
 Rub plastic ruler to pick up pieces of paper, bend
stream of water
 Carry out practical involving 2 plastics which charge
Resources
Pretest
NOS 2 p 162-163
WB Ex21.10 p106-107 ‘The principles of electrostatics’
KISS Bk3, p72
Static electricity kit.
Nature of science

Investigating
11 May 2017
Learning Experiences
oppositely.
 Revise structure of the atom and the discuss fact that
only electrons move.
 Explain concept that electrons get rubbed off one
material and end up on another.
 Van der Graff generator – explain how e’s have been
rubbed off & end up on metal top and then jump off as
a spark.
 Practical: Write up in workbook
Resources
See Practical Guideline sheet in folder.
Nature of science
Van der Graaff generator.
Brainbops animations (Static, Thunderstorms)
Static:http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/19740-electricity-andmagnetism-static-electricity-video.htm
WB p166-167
2. Uses & dangers of static

Technological uses of static.

Literacy exercise: How does a photocopier work?

Show Howstuffworks clip on how a laser printer works
once.

Write focusing questions on the board. Show video
again. Write answers to Q’s on the board.

Students write a paragraph. Help with scaffolding.

How lightning occurs.
WB Ex21.11 p107-108 ‘Danger! Static electricity’
Hmwk: “Dangers of static” worksheet.

Participating and
contributing.

Investigating

Investigating
Laser printer: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/sciencechannel/37752-deconstructed-laser-printer-video.htm
Electrostatic spray painting:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQWYP9ucyqk
What are the odds of being struck by lightning?
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/science-channel/7389-lightningvideo.htm
Lightning strikes uTube videos:
http://www.google.co.nz/search?hl=en&q=lightning+strikes+video
s&meta=&aq=0&oq=lightning+strikes+video
4. Conductor & Insulators

Practical: Finding out what substances conduct.(test
plastic, glass rod, wood, pencil lead/graphite, metal
item, tap water, salt water)

Metals conduct, non-metals don’t except C and salt
water.
5. Current
KISS Bk 4 p46 “What Conducts”
OHT Conductor & Insulator
KISS Bk 4, p50
11 May 2017
Learning Experiences

Model of copper wire and electron flow.

Current = electron flow. Discuss attraction and
repulsion between terminals.

Discuss Coulomb = 6.25 X 1018 electrons.

Practical: Making electricity, using chemicals (Zn/Cu
galvanic cell). Measure current with galvanometer,
multimeter or use LED.

May need to measure voltage as indication of
current since current may be too small to
measure.

Conclusion: Need reactive and non reactive metal
plus an electrolyte(acid).
6. Making a battery
 Organising cells in series and parallel and measure
current and voltage.
7. Making a current using a magnet.

Practical: Investigating a magnetic force field (magnet
& iron pin dust).

Draw magnet & field lines.

Demonstrate how magnet & coil can be used to
generate alternating current.

Use hand generator to make bell ring and to give
people shocks.

Use internet to write a report on how any one of the
following methods of electricity generation works.
Resources
Handout to stick in book of copper wire model.
Electrons in wire: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/18191electricity-and-magnetism-atoms-and-electrons-video.htm
Circuits: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/19562-electricityand-magnetism-complete-circuit-video.htm
Beaker, electrodes, wires, galvanometer/multimeter, LED’s.
Set up zinc with zinc (no voltage), copper with copper (no voltage)
then copper with zinc (1 volt).
WB Ex 22.01 p155 ‘Moving charges”
NOS 2 p172-175
NMS 2 p78-79 (Electricity)
Nature of science
 Understanding
 Participating and
contributing
AA dry cells
Ammeters and voltmeters (or multimeter).

Investigating
NOS 1 p144-145
NMS 1 p46-47 (Magnetism)
WB Ex21.12 p108-109 ‘Magnet basics’
WB p168-170 for magnetism practicals.
WB Ex22.03 p116 ‘Electric motors”
KISS Bk 3, p66 – 69
Brainiacs: K:\2009 Science\Downloaded Videos\Brainiacs
Possible video clip on hydro power (others there too):
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/30198-really-bigthings-hydroelectric-power-video.htm
Wind turbines: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/sciencechannel/37750-deconstructed-wind-turbines-video.htm


Investigating
Participating and
contributing
8. Making an electromagnet
 Practical: Make electromagnet (do as practical or
demonstrate) – coil & iron rod.
 Must cover electromagnet so students understand
later assessment.
Coil & iron rod/nails, paper clips
WB Ex 22.02 p115 “Electromagnets”
Understanding electromagnetism:
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/8162-electricityunderstanding-electromagnetism-video.htm

Investigating

Investigating
7. Heating with resistance wire.

Practical: Nichrome coil & small beaker of water.

Graph data for various voltages (water temp vs
voltage). The higher the voltage the greater the
electrical energy, so higher temp..

Discuss toasters, heaters, jugs etc
Nichrome coil & small beaker of water, power pack, thermometer.
See student instruction sheet (DON’T do as assessment).
11 May 2017
Learning Experiences

Demonstrate: Variable resister.

Hmwk: Electrical symbols (needs to be done for next
period).
9. Volts & Amps

Practical: Observe bulb brightness as voltage
increased.

Measure current as voltage increased from 2V to 12V.

Define 1 amp = 1 coulomb per second

Define voltage as energy supplied/used up by bulb
(leave voltage = potential difference till Y11)

Graph volts vs amps.

10. Series circuits
 Introduce circuit symbols & diagrams.
 Practical: Observe brightness of bulbs as additional
bulbs are added up to 3.
 Record current at various places in circuit.
 Record voltage over each lamp.
 Discuss increased resistance due to additional light
bulbs in circuit causing decrease in current.
 Discuss sharing of electrical energy resulting V1 + V2
etc= Vtotal v of powerpack
11. Parallel circuits
 Practical: Observe brightness of bulbs as additional
bulbs (loops) added up to 3.
 Record total current at beginning and end of circuit,
and current in each loop.
 Explain splitting of flow of electrons (like river taking
different channels then rejoining).
 Establish rule I1 + I2 + I 3 = I tot
 Explain voltage same in each loop so bulbs same
brightness.
12. Fuses
 Practical: Use small piece of iron wool as fuse.
 Additional bulbs in parallel added and record current.
 Add bulbs until iron wool melts.
 Watch ammeter as current max’s out and stops when
Resources
Nature of science
KISS Bk 4, Chapter 8 p45 - 72
Power pack, bulbs, wires, ammeter

Investigating
NOS 2 164-165
NMS 2 p70-71 (Circuits)
WB Ex 22.05 p118 ‘Electrical symbols’
KISS Bk 4, Chapter 8 p45 - 72
Power pack, bulbs, wires, ammeter


Investigating
Communicating
NOS 2 p166-167
NMS 2 p72-73 (Wiring)
KISS Bk 4, Chapter 8 p45 - 72
Power pack, bulbs, wires, ammeter

Investigating
KISS Bk 4, Chapter 8 p45 – 72
WB Ex22.13 and 22.14 p125-126 ‘Heating up’


Investigating
Participating and
contributing
11 May 2017
Learning Experiences
fuse blows.
 Explain overloading of power points and safety reasons
for fuse wire.
 Using a rheostat (variable resistor) to control current.
13. Three point plugs
 Wire up a three point plug and describe the role of
each wire and relate to previous lesson on fuses.
14. Test revision period.-
15. TEST
Resources
NOS 2 p176-177
NMS 2 p80-81 (Control)
NOS 2 p176-177
Tray of three point plugs.
WB Ex22.12 p124 ‘The three pin plug’
NOS 2 p168-171
NMS 2 p74-75 (Current)
NMS 2 p76-77 (Voltage)
Nature of science

Investigating