Download Arm/Shoulder/Forearm Muscles

Arm/Shoulder Muscles
Biceps brachii
Scapula of
shoulder girdle
Proximal radius
Flexes elbow and
supinates forearm
Brachialis
Distal Humerus
Proximal Ulna
Flexes Elbow
Deltoid
Scapular spine and Humerus (deltoid
clavicle
tuberosity)
Abducts arm
Biceps Brachii
The biceps has several functions, the
most important being to rotate the
forearm and to flex the elbow.
The biceps is tri-articulate, meaning
that it works across three joints.
1. Proximal radioulnar joint –
2. Humeroulnar joint – (Elbow)
3. Glenohumeral joint – (Shoulder)
Brachialis
A muscle in the upper arm that
flexes the elbow joint. It lies just
deep of the biceps brachii, and is
a synergist that assists the
biceps brachii in flexing at the
elbow.
The brachialis is the strongest
flexor of the elbow.
Deltoid
-The muscle forming the rounded contour of
the shoulder.
-An important function of the deltoid in
humans is stopping : preventing the
dislocation of the humeral head when a
person carries heavy loads.
1.The anterior fibers are involved in shoulder
abduction when the shoulder is externally
rotated.
2. The posterior fibers are strongly involved in
transverse extension
3. The lateral fibers are involved in shoulder
abduction when the shoulder is internally
rotated, are involved in shoulder flexion when
the shoulder is internally rotated, and are
involved in shoulder transverse abduction
(shoulder externally rotated)
Arm/Forearm Muscles
Triceps Brachii
Shoulder girdle and
Proximal humerus
Olecranon process
of ulna
Extends ulna
Flexor carpi radialis
Distal Humerus
2nd and 3rd
metacarpals
Flexes wrist, abducts
hand
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Distal Humerus and
Posterior Ulna
Carpals of wrist and
5th metacarpal
Flexes wrist, abducts
hand
Flexor Digitorum
Superficialis
Distal Humerus, ulna Middle phalanges of
and radius
2nd to 5th fingers
Extensor carpi
radialis
Humerus
Base of 2nd and 3rd
metacarpals
Extend wrist and
abducts hand
Extensor Digitorum
Distal humerus
Distal phalanges of
2nd to 5th fingers
Extends fingers and
wrist
Flexes wrist and
fingers
Triceps Brachii
The large muscle on the back of the
human upper limb. It is the muscle
principally responsible for extension
of the elbow joint (i.e. straightening
of the arm).
1.The three heads have the
following names and origins: The
"Long head": infraglenoid tubercle
of the scapula.
2. The "Lateral head": posterior
shaft of the humerus, lateral and
superior to the radial (spiral) groove.
3. The "Medial head": posterior
shaft of the humerus, medial and
inferior to the radial (spiral) groove
Flexor Carpi Radialis
A muscle of the human forearm
that acts to flex and abduct the
hand.
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
-A muscle of the human
forearm that acts to flex and
adduct the hand.
-Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
arises by two heads - humeral
and ulnar
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
An extrinsic flexor muscle of the
fingers at the proximal interphalangeal
joints.
-The muscle has two classically
described heads - the humeroulnar and
radial.
The primary function of flexor
digitorum superficialis is flexion of the
middle phalanges of the fingers at the
proximal interphalangeal joints,
however under continued action it also
flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints
and wrist joint.
Extensor Carpi Radialis
It is one of the five main muscles that control
movements at the wrist. This muscle is quite
long, starting on the lateral side of the
humerus, and attaching to the base of the
second metacarpal bone (metacarpal of the
index finger).
Extensor Digitorum
a muscle of the posterior forearm
present in humans and other
animals. It extends the medial four
digits of the hand.
-It divides below into four tendons
-The tendons then diverge on the
back of the hand, and are inserted
into the middle and distal
phalanges