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Manolis Hatzidakis The Legend of Greek music Team Members: 1) Alexandra Papadatou 2) Eirini Kamperou 3) Nick Platakis Biography Manolis Hatzidakis (October 23, 1925 – June 15, 1994) was a Greek composer and theorist of Greek music. He was born in Xanthi to lawyer Georgios Hatzidakis. His mother’s name was Aliki Arvanitidou. His musical education began at the age of fourteen and consisted of piano lessons from the Armenian pianist Altunian. At the same time, he learned to play the violin and the accordion. Biography After the separation of his parents, Hatzidakis moved permanently to Athens in 1932 with his mother. A few years later in 1938, his father died in an aircraft accident. This event, in combination with the beginning of World War II, brought the family into a difficult financial situation. The young Hatzidakis earned his livelihood as a docker at the port, an ice seller at the Fix factory, an employee in Megalokonomou's photography shop and as an assistant nurse at the 401 Military Hospital. Biography At the same time, he expanded his musical knowledge by studying advanced music theory with Menelaos Pallandio, in the period 1940-1943. At the same time, he studied philosophy at the University of Athens. However, he never completed this course. During this period, he met and connected with other musicians, writers and intellectuals. Among these were Nikos Gatsos, George Seferis, Odysseas Elytis, Angelos Sikelianos and the artist Yannis Tsarouchis. Biography Finally, he was one of the main prime movers of the "Éntekhno" song (along with Mikis Theodorakis). Ergography In 1944, Hatzidakis made his first appearance as a composer at the Art Theatre of Karolos Koun; he worked at the Theatre for fifteen years. During this time, he also started studying rebetiko, and delivered a speech on its value in 1949, at the Art Theatre. His love for this great music resulted in two great LP's - 'Lilacs On The Dead Earth', and 'Cruel April Of 45‘. Ergography In 1950, he became a founding member and art director of the Greek Ballet Organization, while at the same time, tragedienne Marika Kotopouli assigned to him the music composition for the Ancient Greek tragedies she staged. Among the tragedies and comedies Hadjidakis composed music for are Mideia, Cyclops, Vacchae, Lysistrata, the Birds, etc. Ergography 1957 marked the start of a very proliferous period. He composed music for theatre and cinema, and his works became increasingly famous. In 1961, he received an Academy Award for the song “The Children of Piraeus” that he composed for the movie “Never on Sunday”. As a result, he became known worldwide. In 1966, he went to the United States, along with Jules Dassin and Melina Merkouri, to stage the theatrical adaptation of “Never on Sunday” on Broadway, under the title “Ilya Darling”. There, he was introduced to American pop and rock music, resulting in the recordings of the song collection “Reflections” and the song “Gioconda’s Smile” in its most famous orchestral form. Ergography He returned to Athens in 1972 and became the General Director of the Opera and Director of the National Orchestra. During this last period of his life, he organized multiple events to highlight various aspects in music, from traditional songs to modern tendencies. In 1989, he founded the Orchestra of Colours in order to introduce classical and modern composers in a unique way. Hadjidakis was the director of the orchestra and participated in a total of twenty concerts and twelve recitals. He wrote 4 books and he created for some years he was the director of the 3rd program of the Greek Radio channel. His most known work Song cycles: EPITAPHIOS 1958, MAGNUS EROTICUS 1972, MYTHOLOGY 1965, REFLECTIONS 1969, THE BALLADS OF ATHENA STREET 1973 Works for orchestra and ensemble: FIFTEEN VESPERS 1964, GIOCONDA΄S SMILE 1964 Music for the theatre: ALL GOD΄S CHILDREN GOT WINGS 1948, ANTIGONE 1947, BLOOD WEDDING 1947, CAPTAIN MIHALIS 1966, LA VOLEUSE DE LONDRES 1961, MAROULA΄S 1960,MIDSUMMER NIGHT΄S DREAM 1951, SUDDENLY LAST SUMMER 1958, THE AGE OF THE NIGHT 1958, THE COURTYARD OF 1957 Musicals: ILLYA DARLING 1967, MAGICAL CITY 1963, STREET OF DREAMS 1962. Music for films: DEAD CITY 1951, GREECE, THE LAND OF DREAMS 1960, LOST DREAMS 1961, NEVER ON SUNDAY 1960, STELLA 1955, ΤOPΚAPI 1963. Music for ancient drama: AGAMEMNON 1950, BIRDS 1959, CYCLOPS 1959, IPHIGENIA AT AULIS 1958, LYSISTRATA 1957, MEDEA 1956 Some of his opinions about society GREEKS AND HUMAN BEINGS WHATEVER I HOLD SACRED I don’t like making out to be too Greek. I want to be as much as I am. High time the idea of being Greek is replaced by what it is to be a human being. Only then, do I believe, will we be bound up with a deeper tradition, which, as it happens, is also true Greek. Contempt for other people’s habits, government rationale, and the “ethics” of my relations. Passionate love for the hounded, the unorthodox and revisionists. His death He died on 15 June 1994 in Athens at the age of 68, from acute pulmonary edema. In 1999 the City of Athens dedicated Technopolis in his memory. He was buried in Paiania.