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Multicellular Organisms Homework 1 Homework Exercise 1 - Cells, Tissues and Organs 1. Place the following structures in order of increasing complexity starting with Cells: Organs, Tissues, Systems, Cells Cells __________ _________ __________ (1) 2. The diagrams below show examples of some types of specialised cells from the human body. The cells are not drawn to the same scale. (μm = micrometre) (a) Put letters in the boxes below to arrange the cells in order of increasing size (1) 1 Multicellular Organisms Homework 1 (b) Choose one of the following cell types sperm cell OR egg cell OR red blood cell Describe the function of the chosen cell and explain how its specialisation allows it to carry out that function. (1) 3. Below are some job vacancies for specialised cells. From the following list of cells, state which cells would be suitable for each job numbered 1- 5. List of specialised cells: cheek cell, red blood cell, muscle cell, leaf palisade cell, sperm cell, liver cell, nerve cell, epidermal cell, root hair cell, cortex cell, heart cell, bone cell Job Vacancies for Specialised Cells Urgently required Wanted This post would suit a biconcave disc shaped cell which must be flexible enough to pass through capillaries. Required to transport oxygen from the lungs to body cells. No nucleus required. Reply to job number 2 Specialised cell with tail required. Must be able to swim and fuse with the nucleus of an egg cell. Reply to job number 1 Experienced Cell Must be able to work in the dark as these cells are required to work underground. Must have a large surface area and be able to absorb water and mineral salts. Reply to job umber 3 Good Communication Skills The successful cell must be qualified to send electrical signals. If required, must be able to cover long distances. Reply to job number 4 Day time hours Cells required to work outdoors or indoors. Only cells containing chloroplasts will be considered for the job. The successful applicant must like working in sunlight. Reply to job number 5 Answer Job number 1 2 3 Specialised Cell Job number 4 5 2 Specialised Cell (5) Multicellular Organisms Homework 1 4. Blood is an example of a tissue. (i) Describe what is meant by a tissue. (1) 5. Read the following passage and answer the questions which follow. A human body is made up of small building blocks called cells. Muscle cells and nerve cells are two of many types of cells found in the body. These cells are specialised i.e. they have a specific structure to allow them to do a specific task in the body e.g. red blood cells contain haemoglobin to help them carry oxygen around the body. Cells can be grouped together. A group of cells of the same type is called a tissue, therefore a group of muscle cells is called muscle tissue and a group of nerve cells is called nerve tissue. An organ is a part of the body with a particular job to do. For example the heart pumps blood and the stomach helps digest food. Each organ is made from a few very different tissues i.e the stomach contains both muscle and nerve tissue. More than one organ is needed to digest food. The stomach does some of the work but the mouth containing teeth and salivary glands and the intestines are other organs which help. The stomach and intestines form the digestive system, the heart and blood vessels form the circulatory system and they work together to circulate blood around the body. (a) What term is given to a living organism that consists of more than one cell? (1) (b) Most of these cells are specialised. What does this term mean? (1) (c) Using information from the passage, name 2 types of tissue. (2) 3 Multicellular Organisms Homework 1 6(a) The following statement refers to organs. Rewrite the statement to make it correct by selecting the correct term from the choices given. cell An organ is composed of several different tissues working systems together to carry out a particular job. (b) State which two of the following are NOT organs Heart, leaf, cheek cell, stomach, root, brain, lung, onion cell (2) 7. The following diagrams show systems found in animals and plants Circulatory system Leaf canopy Image from BBC Bitesize Respiratory system Image from BBC Bitesize Define the term system. (1) 4