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NAME________________________ Lincoln Quotes Activity AP American Horton Directions: Cut the quotes apart on the dashed lines and then place them in chronological order. As a group, read the quotes and determine the ways in which Lincoln’s views about slavery changed from the 1850’s to 1865. Then, compare these changes to the timeline (provided by your teacher) regarding the status of the Civil War, and decide WHY Lincoln’s thoughts about slavery changed over time. "Those who deny freedom to others, deserve it not for themselves; and, under a just God, can not long retain it." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume III, "Letter To Henry L. Pierce and Others" (April 6, 1859), p. 376 Quote A -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy. Whatever differs from this, to the extent of the difference, is no democracy." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume II, (August 1, 1858?), p. 532. Quote B -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that. What I do about slavery, and the colored race, I do because I believe it helps to save the Union; and what I forbear, I forbear because I do not believe it would help to save the Union. I shall do less whenever I shall believe what I am doing hurts the cause, and I shall do more whenever I shall believe doing more will help the cause." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume V, "Letter to Horace Greeley" (August 22, 1862), p. 388. Quote C -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"I cannot make it better known than it already is that I strongly favor colonization." Lincoln's Second Annual Message to Congress, December 1, 1862. Quote D -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"In giving freedom to the slave, we assure freedom to the free - honorable alike in what we give, and what we preserve. We shall nobly save, or meanly lose, the last best hope of earth. Other means may succeed; this could not fail. The way is plain, peaceful, generous, just - a way which, if followed, the world will forever applaud, and God must forever bless." Lincoln's Second Annual Message to Congress, December 1, 1862. Quote E ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half-slave and half-free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved - I do not expect the house to fall - but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery, will arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in course of ultimate extinction; or its advocates will push it forward, till it shall become alike lawful in all the States, old as well as new- North as well as South" Lincoln's 'House-Divided' Speech in Springfield, Illinois, June 16, 1858. Quote F ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"Whenever I hear any one arguing for slavery I feel a strong impulse to see it tried on him personally." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume VIII, "Speech to One Hundred Fortieth Indiana Regiment" (March 17, 1865), p. 361. Quote G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"I will say then that I am not, nor ever have been in favor of bringing about in anyway the social and political equality of the white and black races - that I am not nor ever have been in favor of making voters or jurors of negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, nor to intermarry with white people; and I will say in addition to this that there is a physical difference between the white and black races which I believe will forever forbid the two races living together on terms of social and political equality. And inasmuch as they cannot so live, while they do remain together there must be the position of superior and inferior, and I as much as any other man am in favor of having the superior position assigned to the white race. I say upon this occasion I do not perceive that because the white man is to have the superior position the negro should be denied everything." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume III, "Fourth Debate with Stephen A. Douglas at Charleston, Illinois" (September 18, 1858), pp. 145-146. Quote H --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"We all declare for liberty; but in using the same word we do not all mean the same thing. With some the word liberty may mean for each man to do as he pleases with himself, and the product of his labor; while with others, the same word many mean for some men to do as they please with other men, and the product of other men's labor. Here are two, not only different, but incompatible things, called by the same name - liberty. And it follows that each of the things is, by the respective parties, called by two different and incompatible names - liberty and tyranny." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume VII, "Address at Sanitary Fair, Baltimore, Maryland" (April 18, 1864), p. 301-302. Quote I ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "I am not a Know-Nothing. That is certain. How could I be? How can any one who abhors the oppression of negroes, be in favor of degrading classes of white people? Our progress in degeneracy appears to me to be pretty rapid. As a nation, we began by declaring that "all men are created equal." We now practically read it "all men are created equal, except Negroes." When the KnowNothings get control, it will read "all men are created equal, except Negroes and foreigners and Catholics." When it comes to this, I shall prefer emigrating to some country where they make no pretense of loving liberty - to Russia, for instance, where despotism can be taken pure and without the base alloy of hypocrisy." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume II, "Letter to Joshua F. Speed" (August 24, 1855), p. 323. Quote J -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"To strengthen, perpetuate and extend this interest [slavery] was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union, even by war; while the government claimed no right to do more than restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither party expected for the war, the magnitude, or the duration, which it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with, or even before, the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible, and pray to the same God; and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces; but let us judge not, that we be not judged. The prayers of both could not be answered; that of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes." Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address, March 4, 1865. Quote K ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"You think slavery is right and should be extended; while we think slavery is wrong and ought to be restricted. That I suppose is the rub. It certainly is the only substantial difference between us." The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln edited by Roy P. Basler, Volume IV, "Letter to Alexander H. Stephens" (December 22, 1860), p. 160. (Stephens was the future Confederate vicepresident). Quote L ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------website: http://home.att.net/~rjnorton/Lincoln78.html for the above quotations -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Slavery is founded on the selfishness of man's nature-opposition to it on his love of justice. These principles are in eternal antagonism; and when brought into collision so fiercely as slavery extension brings them, shocks and throes and convulsions must ceaselessly follow. - Abraham Lincoln Attribution: Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), U.S. president. comment, Oct. 16, 1854, Peoria, Ill., During a debate with Stephen Douglas. Quote M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ " Apprehension seems to exist among the people of the Southern states that by accession of a Republican administration, their property, ,and their peace, and personal security, are to be endangered. There has never been any reasonable cause for such apprehension. Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has all the while existed, and been open to their inspection. It is found in nearly all the published speeches of him who now addresses you. I do but quote from one of those speeches when I declare that 'I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so." Lincoln's First Inaugural Address March 4, 1861 Quote N ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You can have no conflict, without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to 'preserve, protect, and defend' it. I am loth to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield, and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearth-stone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature." Lincoln's First Inaugural Address March 4, 1861 Quote O --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether than nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate- we can not consecrate- we can not hallow - this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth" Gettysburg Address: November 19, 1863 Quote P ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty three, all persons held as slaves within any state, or designated part of a state, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward and forever free.... ...And upon this act sincerely believed to be an act of justice, warranted by the Constitution upon military necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment of mankind, and the gracious favor of Almighty God." Emancipation Proclamation January 1, 1863 Quote Q -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"It is also unsatisfactory to some that the elective franchise is not given to the colored man. I would myself prefer that it were now conferred on the very intelligent, and on those who serve our cause as soldiers" Last Public Address April 11, 1865 Quote R ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"Let us discard all this quibbling about this man and the other man, this race and that race and the other race being inferior, and therefore they must be placed in an inferior position. Let us discard all these things, and unite as one people throughout this land, until we shall once more stand up declaring that all men are created equal" Campaign Speech in Northern Illinois, July 1858 Quote S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"If we suppose that American Slavery is one of those offense which, in the providence of Go, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South, this terrible war, as the woe due to those by whom the offence came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a Living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope- fervently do we praythat this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash, shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said 'the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether' With malice toward none, with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan- to do all which may achieve a just and lasting peace, among ourselves and with all nations." Second Inaugural Address- March 4, 1865 Quote T ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CIVIL WAR TIMELINE: MAJOR EVENTS: First Battle of Bull Run: July 21, 1861 Union is routed as rebels stand strong under “Stonewall” Jackson McClellan’s Peninsular Campaign/Seven Days Battles: Spring 1862 Union is driven back from within sight of Richmond, McClellan temporarily relieved Merrimack and Monitor Do Battle: March 1862 Grant Captures Fort Henry and Fort Donelson: February 1862 Grant’s victory secured Tennessee to the Union and opened the way for further attacks on the deep South. The Confederates blunted Grant’s attempt to attack the Mississippi Valley at the bloody battle of Shiloh in April 1862. Second Battle of Bull Run: August 29-30 1862 Lee defeats Union armies under General Pope, opens way to Maryland Battle of Antietam: September 17, 1862 McClellan was restored to command, Lee’s battle plans were discovered and Mac successfully stopped Lee’s advance in the bloodiest single day of fighting Battle of Fredricksburg December 13, 1862 General Burnside attempted a frontal assault on Lee and it led to massive slaughter of Union troops New Orleans Falls to Union Spring 1862 Battle of Chancellorsville: May 2-4 1863 Union General Hooker was outflanked by the divided Confederates, Stonewall Jackson was killed accidentally by his own men Battle of Gettysburg July1-3, 1863 The “high tide of the Confederacy” (Pickett’s charge) where the Confederate assault was blunted in three days of heavy fighting. Vicksburg Captured by the Union: July 4, 1863 Grant captured the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi. He would defeated the rebels at Chattanooga in November 1863, opening Georgia to Union attack. Wilderness Campaign May 1864 and Cold Harbor (June 3) 1864: Grant presses the attack against Lee in a grind it out campaign (using the superior resources of the North by attacking). Grant’s frontal assault on Cold Harbor produced 7,000 casualties in the first few minutes Sherman Captures Atlanta (September 1864) & March to the Sea (November –December 1864) Sherman burned Atlanta in November, cut free from supply lines and marched to Savannah which he captured on December 22, 1864. Election of 1864: Victories on the Eve of the election included the capture of Mobile Alabama (by Farragut), Sherman’s capture of Atlanta, and General Sheridan’s attacks in the Shenandoah Valley Lee’s Surrender at Appomattox: April 9, 1865: Lincoln’s prophetic quote: “Thank God I have lived to see this”. He would be assassinated on April 14th