Download Ch 2 test review

EGYPT:
LAND OF THE PYRAMIDS
Chapter 2 Test Review
Three geographic features
that protected Egypt were:
Cataracts
(water falls or rapids)
Nile delta
Deserts
THE NILE RIVER
• The Nile River flows from _________
to ______________.
• The annual flooding is called the
_______________.
THE NILE RIVER
• The Nile River flows from SOUTH
to ______________.
• The annual flooding is called the
_______________.
THE NILE RIVER
• The Nile River flows from SOUTH
to NORTH.
• The annual flooding is called the
_______________.
THE NILE RIVER
• The Nile River flows from SOUTH
to NORTH.
• The annual flooding is called the
INUNDATION.
The Nile River
Is the longest
river in the
world
Over 4000
miles long
The 10 miles along the Nile
River is called the
“_____________.
Rich _____ is deposited
which causes this land to
be very fertile.
Because of Egypt’s ability
to grow large amounts of
grain and export it, it is
called the
“____________________.””
The 10 miles along the Nile
River is called the
“BLACK LAND.”
Rich _____ is deposited
which causes this land to
be very fertile.
Because of Egypt’s ability
to grow large amounts of
grain and export it, it is
called the
“____________________.””
The 10 miles along the Nile
River is called the
“BLACK LAND.”
Rich SILT is deposited
which causes this land to
be very fertile.
Because of Egypt’s ability
to grow large amounts of
grain and export it, it is
called the
“____________________.””
The 10 miles along the Nile
River is called the
“BLACK LAND.”
Rich SILT is deposited
which causes this land to
be very fertile.
Because of Egypt’s ability
to grow large amounts of
grain and export it, it is
called the
“BREADBASKET OF THE
WORLD.”
The sun-baked
desert beyond
the “Black
Land” is called
the
____________.
The sun-baked
desert beyond
the “Black
Land” is called
the
“RED LAND."
What are cataracts?
Cataracts
are river
rapids and
water falls
• Since the Nile flows
from South to North,
this area in northern
Egypt is called
______________
• Since the Nile flows
from South to North,
this area in northern
Egypt is called
Lower Egypt.
• Since the Nile flows
from South to North,
this area in northern
Egypt is called
Lower Egypt.
This area in the south
is called
_______________.
• Since the Nile flows
from South to North,
this area in northern
Egypt is called
Lower Egypt.
This area in the south
is called
Upper Egypt.
What is the
Nile delta?
triangular
area of fertile
soil at the
mouth of the
river
What grows along the
Nile and is used to
make paper?
papyrus
THE ROSETTA STONE
ROSETTA STONE
found near Rosetta, Egypt
made of basalt
a king’s decree
• Decoded in ___________
•
•
•
•
Written in 2 languages 3 scripts
______________ (formal writing)
______________(simpler writing)
______________(common language)
• Importance: Egyptian hieroglyphs were cracked.
ROSETTA STONE
found near Rosetta, Egypt
made of basalt
a king’s decree
• Decoded in 1822
•
•
•
•
Written in 2 languages 3 scripts
______________ (formal writing)
______________(simpler writing)
______________(common language)
• Importance: Egyptian hieroglyphs were cracked.
ROSETTA STONE
found near Rosetta, Egypt
made of basalt
a king’s decree
• Decoded in 1822
•
•
•
•
Written in 2 languages 3 scripts
HIEROGLYPHS (formal writing)
______________(simpler writing)
______________(common language)
• Importance: Egyptian hieroglyphs were cracked.
ROSETTA STONE
found near Rosetta, Egypt
made of basalt
a king’s decree
• Decoded in 1822
•
•
•
•
Written in 2 languages 3 scripts
HIEROGLYPHS (formal writing)
DEMOTIC (simpler writing)
______________(common language)
• Importance: Egyptian hieroglyphs were cracked.
ROSETTA STONE
found near Rosetta, Egypt
made of basalt
a king’s decree
• Decoded in 1822
•
•
•
•
Written in 2 languages 3 scripts
HIEROGLYPHS (formal writing)
DEMOTIC (simpler writing)
GREEK
(common language)
• Importance: Egyptian hieroglyphs were cracked.
5 LEVELS OF EGYPTIAN SOCIETY
What did Egyptians
believe about their
pharaohs?
They were gods on earth
(Horus)
(sons of Amon-Re).
What were the
symbols of the
pharaohs and
what were their
titles?
SYMBOLS OF THE PHARAOH:
Scarab beetle…..false beard
Ankh……………..crook and flail (1)
Eye of Horus……double crown
Hawk/ falcon……………..vulture and
cobra (2)
Cartouche……….lotus flower
TITLES OF THE PHARAOH:
Lord of Two Lands
Horus, the Living Pharaoh
Osiris, the Dead Pharaoh
Living son of RE
What type of government
did the Egyptians have
after 3100BC?
Dynasty
Over time, ancient
Egypt would be ruled
by ____ dynasties.
EGYPTIAN GODS AND
GODESSES
**possible paragraph topic
Osiris was the
first pharaoh
of Egypt.
ISIS
• Osiris married Isis
but his brother Seth
became jealous.
Seth chopped Osiris
into 17 pieces and
threw the body parts
into the Nile.
The dead
pharaoh
becomes
Osiris, the
god of the
underworld.
ANUBIS
• Isis was heartbroken. She
gathered her
husband’s body
parts and took them
to Anubis, the god
of embalming, who
put him back
together again.
HORUS
• Osiris and Isis’
son, Horus,
fought Seth in a
battle.
Although Horus
lost his eye, he
was still
victorious.
Who was Amon Re?
The Sun God
What was
The Book of the Dead?
A book that contained
special prayers to help
one into afterlife
What instrument is used to
measure the level of the Nile?
nilometer
The annual flooding of the Nile
River is called . . .
inundation
Forced payments to the pharaoh
that include the resources of an
area were called . . .
tribute
The official Egyptian system of
writing was called . . .
Hieroglyphics
Men/boys who were trained
in reading and writing
were called . . .
scribes
THE SPHINX
• It has the body of a
lion (courage)
• the head of a man
(knowledge)
• the face of Pharaoh
Khafre
What are the achievements of
each kingdom???
Ancient Egypt
Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
New Kingdom
The Old Kingdom
The Old Kingdom was also called the____________.
___________ built the pyramids which were made of
limestone blocks which weighed up to two and a half
tons each. Pyramids were replaced by tombs in the
__________________________.
The Old Kingdom
The Old Kingdom was also called the Pyramid Age.
___________ built the pyramids which were made of
limestone blocks which weighed up to two and a half
tons each. Pyramids were replaced by tombs in the
__________________________.
The Old Kingdom
The Old Kingdom was also called the Pyramid Age.
Farmers built the pyramids which were made of
limestone blocks which weighed up to two and a half
tons. Pyramids were replaced by tombs in the
__________________________.
The Old Kingdom
The Old Kingdom was also called the Pyramid Age.
Free men built the pyramids which were made of
limestone blocks which weighed up to two and a half
tons. Pyramids were replaced by tombs in the
“Valley of the Kings.”
The Middle Kingdom
Valley of the Kings replaced the
pyramids as tombs for the
pharaohs.
Tribute was sent to make Egypt
wealthy.
Chariot technology was gained
from the Hyksos.
The New Kingdom was called the
Age of Pharaohs.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Narmer
Khufu
Hatshepsut
Akhenaton
Thutmose III
Tutankhamen
Ramses
He was also
called Menes.
He united Upper
and Lower
Egypt
The Great
Pyramid in Giza
was built for
Khufu.
• First female pharaoh
• Wore the false beard
• Greatest achievement
was increasing
Egyptian trade with
other areas (no military
conquests).
• He expanded
territory through
military conquests.
• He made slavery
common.
• He tried to
destroyed Queen
Hatshepsut’s
statues, temples
and other
achievements.
Akhenaton
He tried to
change Egypt’s
religion to
monotheism
AKHENATON AND QUEEN
NEFERTITI
• This couple was most noted for
their belief in one god which is
called
___________________.
• They worshipped the god
_________.
AKHENATON AND QUEEN
NEFERTITI
• This couple was most noted for
their belief in one god which is
called
monotheism
• They worshipped the god
_________.
AKHENATON AND QUEEN
NEFERTITI
• This couple was most noted for
their belief in one god which is
called
monotheism.
• They worshipped the god
Aton.
KING TUTANKHAMEN
• A minor pharaoh
• Became king at age 10 and
mysteriously died at 17 (murdered)
• His tomb was discovered in 1922 by
Howard Carter
RAMSES THE GREAT
• Pharaoh during
the time of Moses
• Ruled for 66 years
• Great warrior
• Built many
temples including
Abu Simbel
RAMSES THE GREAT
Ramses II on his chariot
x
Who was
Howard
Carter?
He discovered the tomb of
King Tutankhamen in the
Valley of the Kings in
1922
**YOU ALSO NEED TO KNOW THE
FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
Why did Egyptians use the shape of
the pyramid for the tombs?
1. It refers to the myth of the creation of the world
(Ben-Ben).
Why did Egyptians use the shape of
the pyramid for the tombs?
2. It was a “stairway to the heavens” for the
pharaoh.
Why did Egyptians use the shape of
the pyramid for the tombs?
3. It represents the slant of the sun’s rays.
THIS REVIEW HAS BEEN BROUGHT
TO YOU BY YOUR FAVORITE
TEACHER,
MRS. KING.
THE TEST IS FRIDAY:
STUDY!!
(APPLAUSE)
THE
END!