Download What is Papyrus and why was it important to the Egyptians?

Early Civilizations in Africa
Ancient Egypt
Chapter 3
Why were canals important to the
Egyptians?
Canals were built along with dikes and
dams to control the floodwaters of the
Nile.
Describe the importance of
the Nile Delta?
Where is it located?
The silt at the mouth
of a river forms a
lowland creating a
fertile farm land.
The delta is located
at the north end of
the Nile where it
flows into the
Mediterranean.
How did Egyptians relate nature
and religion?
People of Egypt used stories about
gods to explain naturally occurring
events.
Who was Hatshepsut?
The only female
Egyptian pharaoh
and was well
known for the trade
with the land of
Punt.
What are Hieroglyphics?
The symbols used
to record
government records
in Egypt. It was
decoded by the
Rosetta Stone
which opened the
secrets of Ancient
Egypt.
What is Papyrus and why was it
important to the Egyptians?
A paper-like material,
was a great invention
of the Egyptian
people.
The word paper
comes from papyrus.
The invention helped
make the Egyptian’s
central government
possible.
Papyrus kept
important written
records for their
society.
What was the purpose of the
Pyramid?
The burial place.
A tomb for Ancient
Egyptian rulers. during
the Old Kingdom
Egyptians developed
the technology to
construct the biggest
stone buildings in the
world
Who was the Pharaoh?
Where did he get his power?
A king like figure
who controlled all
of the land and all
of the people in
Egypt
During the Old and
Middle Kingdom
they believed the
pharaohs were part
gods.
What effect did Silt have on life
along the Nile in Ancient
Egypt?
Egyptian farmland was made rich every
year by the floodwaters of the Nile.
Which allowed for a surplus of goods
Provided for the division of labor
Enabled Egypt to trade with other
countries
What is a Nation-state?
What happened to create the
first nation-state?
A region with a
single government
and a united group
of people.
When Upper Egypt
and Lower Egypt
united it created
the first nationstate.
Who is Amon-Re?
The most powerful
Egyptian god.
Describe Inundation
To overwhelm, too
much
too much water
happened at the
same time each
year
The time of the
annual flood of the
Nile
Identify the Seasons of Egyptian
Calendar
Inundation
time of flood
Emergence
time of planting
Harvest
time of reward & rest
Each divided the
calendar into 3
seasons
of 4 months each
The end of Egypt’s dynasties
ended when and by whom?
30 B.C. Romans
conquered Egypt
Roman rule was
established in
Egypt after
Octavian
(Augustus)
displaced the last
ruler the famous
Cleopatra VII
Egypt’s Social Pyramid
Social Class
Ruling Class
People found in it
Pharaohs
Upper Class
landowners
Nobles and Priests
Middle Class
providers of goods &
services
Lower Class provided
food & semi-skilled
labor
Slaves
Craft workers,
merchants, and
scribes
Farmers and paid
labor
People enslaved or
prisoners of war
3 Achievements of the Old Kingdom
Lasted from about 2625 BC to 210 BC
During the 500 years Dynasties 4 – 8 began to
look outside of Egypt for resources
Best known for its achievements in buildings, such
as the pyramids
Traders went farther south into Africa in search of
incense, oils, ebony, ivory,
Started a colony in Lower Nubia to get resources
there
Developed technology to constructs pyramids
Built the Great Pyramid
3 achievements of the
Middle Kingdom
Conquered all of the Egyptian nation
Nubia
Expanded Egyptian trade to SW Asia
Change in Egyptian society
-- rights that had once been for pharaohs
alone were now for all Egyptians
3 Achievements of the
New Kingdom
Egypt’s first full time army began
Egypt’s empire grew to be the largest
size
Worship focused on one god “Aton”