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How can you prevent cardiovascular disease? A disease that is not transmitted by another person, vector, or the environment Habits and behaviors can increase or decrease risk Cardiovascular system Transports blood to all parts of body Blood carries oxygen and nutrients- without receiving these cells in your body would die Cardiovascular diseaseDisease that affects the heart or blood vessels Can interfere with pumping of heart or movement of blood through the vessels Silent killer no symptoms in early stages http://video.about.com/heartdisease/HeartAttack.htm CVD- responsible for 40% of all deaths in the US You can reduce your risk by Avoiding tobacco Physical activity Maintaining healthy weight Avoiding high fat foods Blood pressure The force of blood created by the heart’s contractions and the resistance of the vessel walls Hypertension high blood pressure (BP) BP is continually above the normal range for a particular person Heart, blood vessels, and other organs can be damaged if HTN continues Have BP check regularly Treated with medication, weight management, physical activity, and proper nutrition Healthy lining of blood vessel= smooth and elastic Fatty substance in blood can build up on artery walls causing them to thicken and lose elasticity Def: The process in which plaques accumulate on artery walls Due to eating foods with high saturated fat and cholesterol Smoke and HTN contribute A blood clot can form and grow in an area of plaque an may cause heart attack or stroke Angina Pectoris Chest Pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen Sign that heart is temporarily not getting enough oxygen Arrhythmias Irregular heart beats Most are common (Arrhythmias cont.) Some types can be serious Ventricular fibrillation- electrical impulses become rapid Commonly followed by sudden cardiac arrest, heart stops beating, death can follow in minutes Heart Attack Damage to the heat muscle caused by blocked blood supply Most are sudden with intense chest pain Start slow with mild pain or discomfort which is mistaken for indigestion. Ventricular fibrillation can follow Immediate response to warning signs can save a life Congestive Heart Failure The heart gradually becomes weaker to the point that it cannot maintain its regular pumping rate and force Can be a result of high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, a heart valve defect, illegal drug use, or other factors Can be managed with medications, good nutrition, and physical activity http://video.about.com/heartdisease/Congest ive-Heart-Failure.htm Stroke Occurs when blockage prevents blood flow to the brain Effects different parts of the body depending on the part of the brain that is deprived of oxygen Also occurs from a cerebral hemorrhage- blood vessel in the brain bursts causing blood to spread into surrounding brain tissue EKG Graph of electrical activity of heart MRI Magnetic resonance imaging Produces images of internal body organs Can identify heart damage Coronary Bypass A healthy vain is removed from leg or chest to create a detour around a blocked artery Angioplasty A tube with a balloon is inserted into a blocked artery Balloon is inflated, deflated, then removed Structure may remain to keep artery open Medications Variety of medicines are available Diuretics- lowers fluid balance Cholesterol lowering drugs Drugs to slow clotting http://video.nytimes.com/video/2007/04/05 /health/1194817111443/heart-disease-the-no1-killer.html Pacemaker Used to treat irregular heart beat Sends steady electrical impulse to trigger regular heart beat Why Teens Are at Risk CVD can start developing during childhood The health behaviors you are practicing now are affecting your cardiovascular system Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases The more risk factors you have the greater your chance Tobacco use- includes second hand smoke High blood pressure High cholesterol Physical inactivity Excess weight Stress Drug and Alcohol Use Risk factors You Can’t Control Heredity Gender- men have a greater risk Age- risk increases with age Knowing risk factors can help you make healthy decisions to protect yourself