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The Rise and Fall of Rome Bryce Weeks 7.1 The Rise & Fall of Rome Home Page Foundation 753-509BCE Republic 509-27BCE Imperial 27BCE-476CE Collapse 476CE Click here for bibliography Foundation 753-509BCE Click to hear an introduction on the Foundation period Founding myth (753BCE) Etruscan Kings (753BCE – 509BCE) Home Founding Myth • • • • • • • • Rhea was a princess married to Mars, the Roman god of war. Rhea and Mars had twin sons named Romulus and Remus. Other gods were jealous and plotted to kill the twins. The guards sent the twins down a stream of water. They would have died if it weren’t for a she wolf who suckled them and looked after them. When the twins were adults they returned to the town and stayed there for a couple of days. They then went back to where the she wolf lives and started building some settlement. They decided to build a city but got into a fight over who would be top king. Romulus got angry and killed Remus with a rock. He became the first king of Rome. Back to foundation Home Etruscan Kings Romulus Numa Pompillus Tullus Hostilius Ancus Marcius Lucius Tarquinius Priscus Servious Tullius Lucius Tarquinius Superbus Back to foundation Home Romulus • • • • • • • Romulus built Rome upon Palatine hill. He permitted all men to come to Rome without distinction to build. A legend suggests that Romulus fought with his twin brother Remus over where to settle Rome and eventually Romulus killed his brother. Romulus faced a problem of too many men and no woman. (He abducted woman from nearby Sabine which sparked a war between Sabine and Rome.) Romulus selected 100 wealthy and noble men to form a senate. During the war the woman asked for peace and peace was given. So much peace was apparent between the two armies that Romulus and the Sabine king ruled together and adopted each other’s ways of living. Towards the end of Romulus’ reign he became more autocratic and according to legend the public got angry at him being more autocratic and not letting the people decide. He mysteriously disappeared after this. Back to foundation Home Numa Pompillus 716BCE – 673BCE • After the “death” of Romulus there was a 1 year period in which the 10 men from the senate governed Rome. • Numa Pompillus’ reign was a very peaceful reign. He reigned for 43 years and established truces between different armies and built temples. Back to foundation Home Tullus Hostilius 673BCE – 642BCE • This king was about war, he didn’t respect the gods and he wagered war against neighbours. • His reign lasted 31 years. Back to foundation Home Ancus Marcius 640BCE – 616BCE • He was a peaceful king and he only fought war when he had to defend. • He built Rome’s first prison. • He died a natural death (reigned for 25 years) Back to foundation Home Lucius Tarquinnus Priscus 616BCE – 579BCE • • • • • • • Fifth king on Rome He was a war king and took over neighbouring area’s and brought great wealth to the city He doubled the size of Rome and he doubled the size of the Senate bringing the number to 200. He built great monuments and he built Rome’s sewer system He also founded the ‘Roman Games’ Priscus built a giant stadium called Circus Maximus used for Chariot racing. He was killed after 38 years of reign. Back to foundation Home Servious Tullius 578BCE – 535BCE • He fought successful wars, he built the first walls to encircle Rome • He split everyone up into five groups based on wealth • Only those who were wealthy were able to vote. • He was killed by an assassination led by her daughter and her husband. Back to foundation Home Lucius Tarquinnus Superbus 535BCE – 509BCE • Seventh and final king of Rome • Lots of wars and violence to try and control Rome • There was a revolution against the king and he got expelled from Rome • This marked the beginning of the Roman republic. This would last 500 years Back to foundation Home The Rise & Fall of Rome Home Page Foundation 753-509BCE Republic 509-27BCE Imperial 27BCE-476CE Collapse 476CE Click here for bibliography Republic 509-27BCE Click to hear an introduction on the Republican period First Laws 449 BCE Punic Wars 264-146BCE First Road 312 BCE Julius Caesar 44BCE Home First Laws • The laws played a big part in Roman society and they were written on stones, the laws include: – Females shall remain in guardianship even when they have attained their majority (except Vestal Virgins). – A spendthrift is forbidden to exercise administration over his own goods. – It is permitted to gather fruit falling down on another man's farm. – If any person has sung or composed against another person a song such as was causing slander or insult to another, he shall be clubbed to death. – Quickly kill a dreadfully deformed child. Back to Republic Home First Road 312BCE • The road enabled the transmissions of information much easier and messages could be sent. Back to Republic Home Punic Wars 264BCE – 146BCE • The largest war that had ever taken place, the war was between Rome and Carthage. The main cause was because Rome was trying to expand into Sicily. • By the end of the 3rd Punic war after 100 years of fighting there was a loss of many lives but Rome conquered the Carthage Empire and completely destroyed the city. • This gave Rome a high status and high power. Back to Republic Home Julius Caesar 44BCE • Julius Caesar defeats Pompeii in a civil war and becomes the supreme ruler of Rome, this is the end of the Roman Republic • Julius Caesar is assassinated. Back to Republic Home The Rise & Fall of Rome Home Page Foundation 753-509BCE Republic 509-27BCE Imperial 27BCE-476CE Collapse 476CE Click here for bibliography Imperial Rome 27BCE-476CE Click to hear an introduction on the Republican period Augustus 27 BCE Earthquake 68AD Colosseum 80AD Hadrian’s Wall 122AD Christianity 380AD Rome Splits 395AD Germanic people 410AD End Ancient Rome 476 AD Home Augustus 27BCE • He names himself Augustus which means first emperor Back to Imperial Home Earthquake 68AD • Earthquake damaged Pompeii and prompted the eruption of Mount Vesuvius Back to Imperial Home Colosseum 80AD • The colosseum was built in 80AD • It was an important political tool of an emperor. Emperors used the Colosseum to entertain the public with games. • The arena was used for contests well into the 6th century, with the gladiatorial fights in early 5th century. Back to Imperial Home Hadrian’s Wall 122AD • Hadrian wall was built across north England to keep the Barbarians out of Rome. Back to Imperial Home Christianity 380AD • Theodosius I proclaims Christianity to be the sole religion. Back to Imperial Home Rome splits 395AD • Rome splits into 2 empires the Western and the Eastern. Back to Imperial Home Germanic People take over • In 410AD the Visigoths sack Rome and take over Rome Back to Imperial Home End of Ancient Rome 476 AD • The last Roman emperor is defeated by German Goth. • This marked the of the western Roman empire and fall of ancient Rome Back to Imperial Home The Rise & Fall of Rome Home Page Foundation 753-509BCE Republic 509-27BCE Imperial 27BCE-476CE Collapse 476CE Click here for bibliography Collapse 476CE Click to hear an introduction on the collapse of Rome Barbarians Economic Factors Disease Environment Slaves Power of Church Lack of New Technology Home Barbarians • The romans began to trust the barbarians and they betrayed the Romans. Back to Collapse Home Disease • Disease swept through Rome and killed half the population in 265AD Back to Collapse Home Environment • Environmental degradation, the Romans were wiping out the trees and there was a lack of water and animals. Back to Collapse Home Power of Church • With the rise of religion the church leaders became more powerful and took power away from the true leaders. Back to Collapse Home Slaves • The use of slaves put people out of work. Back to Collapse Home Economic Factors • Increase in prices and lack of circulating currency meant that people were living in poverty Back to Collapse Home Lack of New Technology • They weren’t investing in new technology. Back to Collapse Home The Rise & Fall of Rome Home Page Foundation 753-509BCE Republic 509-27BCE Imperial 27BCE-476CE Collapse 476CE Bibliography Type of Source YouTube video Website YouTube video Name of Source / URL https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=7aLsXEqPX0Q http://www.historylearning site.co.uk/a_history_of_an cient_rome.htm https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=2nupoMDXzPE Arkadiy Deliev Author Arkadiy Deliev Publisher Date Published November 21st 2013 18th Date Accessed June 2014. ? ? 2000 16th June 2014 Arkadiy Deliev Arkadiy Deliev November 27th 2013 14th June 2014 Home