Download CHAPTER 1 LIVING THINGS

Chapter 2 Living Things
What do you know about living things?
Design a spider diagram to show what you
know about living things!
Chapter Objectives
• To define Biology
• To discuss what living things are made
from
• To define the word organism and give
examples
• To state the characteristics of living things
• To discuss each characteristic of living
things in detail
• To investigate the variety of living things
• To classify plants and animals and
examine some plants and animals.
• To introduce the terms vertebrate and
invertebrate and look at examples
• To discuss uses of plants and animals
• To define the term Animal Key and Plant
Key
• To design and use a simple plant and
animal key
• To carry out and write up an experiment to
investigate the variety of living things
Chapter 2: Living Things
• Biology is the study of living things e.g.
plants, animals, fungi, bacteria
• An organism is another name for a living
thing.
• Living things are made of cells
• Living things have the following seven
characteristics:
– nutrition
– respiration
– excretion
– growth
– reproduction
MRS NERG
– movement
– response/sensitivity.
Classifying Living Things
Living things can be classified as either animals
or plants
Animal
Plant
Movement
Can move from place to place
Do not move from place to place but can move
their parts very slowly.
Food
Eat food made by other plants and
animals
Plants make their own food using
photosynthesis
1.Characteristics
Nutrition
of Living Things
Nutrition is the way in which living things
get and use their food.
Plants make their own
food (photosynthesis)
Animals get their food from eating plants
or other animals.
2.Characteristics
Respiration
of Living Things
Respiration is the way living things get
energy.
Organisms need energy for growth,
movement and activities.
Word Equation for Respiration
Food + oxygen -> energy + carbon dioxide + water
3.Characteristics
Excretion
of Living Things
Excretion is the getting rid of the wastes
that are made in cells.
Animals excrete water, salts, carbon
dioxide
4. Growth
All living things grow.
Living things grow because their cells are
able to divide and make new copies of
themselves.
5. Reproduction
Reproduction is being able to produce new
individuals of the same kind.
6. Movement
All living things can move.
7. Response/sensitivity
All living things need to be aware of
changes in their surroundings and react to
these changes.
Response is the ability to react changes in
the environment.
Classifying Animals and Plants
• There are two main groups of organisms
a) Plants
b) Animals
Uses of Plants
1. Food
2. Shelter
• Animals can be divided into two groups:
• A) Vertebrates – animals with a back bone
e.g. humans, frogs, fish, lizards, birds
b) Invertebrates – animals that have no
backbone e.g. earthworm, insects, spiders,
snails, jellyfish, crabs.
• Uses of Animals
1.Food
2.Provide materials to
make things e.g. wool and leather
• Animals and plants are identified by using
keys.
• Keys ask questions about the parts of
• The main differences between animals
and plants are:
– Animals move from place to place but plants
do not.
– Animals take in food but plants make their
own food.
– Animal cells do not have a cell wall but plant
cells do have a cell wall.
Simple Plant Key
Simple Animal Key
Summary of Chapter