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Artificial Intelligence
December 6, 2008
Ail 690
AI Defined:
 “Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of
machines and the branch of computer science which
aims to create it. Major AI textbooks define the field
as the study and design of intelligent agents, where
an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its
environment and takes actions which maximize its
chances of success.”
Artificial Intelligence, Wikipedia, n.d., ¶ 1
 In 1956 John McCarthy, the father of AI, defines it as
"the science and engineering of making intelligent
machines.”
Artificial Intelligence, Wikipedia, n.d., ¶ 1
Historical timeline of AI

History of Artificial Intelligence, n.d.
Innovations by Honda
 ASIMO is a humanoid robot that was created in 1986
by Honda.
 ASIMO is an acronym for Advanced Step in
Innovative Mobility.
 Honda developed robot legs that will assist the
elderly and disabled.
 They also developed the exoskeleton suit called
HAL( Hybrid Assistive Limb).
Original and New ASIMO
ASIMO, Wikipedia, 2008
New ASIMO Specifications
 Weight----- 54 kg or 119 pounds
 Height----- 130 cm or 4 feet 3 inches
 Walking Speed--- 2.7 km/hour
 Running Speed--- 6 km/hour
 Battery--- 3 hours
 Operating Time--- 40 minutes to 1hr
(walking)
ASIMO, Wikipedia, 2008, Features and Technology.
2007 ASIMO
This is a current picture
of ASIMO.
There are 46 units, and
they cost less than
million dollars each.
The units are available
for rent at a price of
$166,000 a year.
ASIMO Commercial
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFgXEkzMq7
A
Robot Legs
 HONDA developed a walking assist machine
designed to make it easier for the elderly to climb
stairs and help factory workers.
 The computerized leg device is the latest addition to
walking technology developed by the Japanese
automaker.
 By supporting bodyweight, the 6.5kg device reduces
the load on users' legs during activities such as
walking or climbing and descending stairs by
supporting bodyweight.
 The motor-powered machine is still at an
experimental stage, but elderly people and people
undergoing rehabilitation who need support for their
leg muscles and joints are the main target.
Robotic Legs, n.d.,
Robot Legs Cont.
 The device is also expected to help assembly workers to keep a
crouching position, adding that Honda plans to test the device
at one of its factories north of Tokyo.
 Like with a unicycle, users ride on the seat sustained by frames
that can bend and extend like knees with two motors controlled
by signals from sensors inside the shoes.
 ASIMO's technology was used for developing the walking assist
device.
Robotic Legs, n.d.,
HAL
 HAL (Hybrid Assisted Limb) is a cyborg-type robot
that can expand and improve physical capability.
 Seiji Uchida, a quadriplegic, came 500 yards from the
top of Switzerland's highest mountains with the help
of his friend Takeshi Matsumoto who put on Hybrid
Assistive Limb (HAL) suit and then carried Seiji on his
shoulders to the top of the mountain.
HAL Description, 2008, ¶ 1
HAL Specifications
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Wearable Robot
Size - Height 1,600mm
Weight - Full Body Type approx. 23kg
Lower body approx. 15kg
Power Battery Drive
Charged battery (AC100V)
Continuous operating time 2 hours 40 minutes
Motions
Daily Activities (standing up from a chair,
walking, climbing up and down stairs)
Hold and lift heavy objects
Operation - Hybrid Control System
Working Environment - Indoor and outdoor
HAL Exoskeleton, 2008, Chart
How it Works!
 When a person attempts to move, nerve signals are sent from the brain
to the muscles via motoneuron, moving the musculoskeletal system .

Very weak biosignals can be detected on the surface of the skin.
 HAL catches these signals through a sensor attached on the skin of the
wearer.
 These signals allow the body to move unitedly with the wearers
movements.
 HAL is the world's first cyborg-type robot controlled by this unique
Hybrid System.
 HAL can be applied in various fields such as rehabilitation and physical
training support, support for disabled people, heavy labour support at
factories, and rescue support at disaster sites.
HAL Exoskeleton, 2008, ¶ 2
Saya: The Future of AI
 Saya is a robot at the
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University of Tokyo.
She can speak 300-700
words.
She can contort her facial
expression to show happy,
sad, angry, and surprised.
She has 18 control points
under the skin for this
purpose.
Her face is made of silicon.
SAYA, 2007, ¶ 1
How She Works
 The artificial muscles in her face are operated by
compressed air and are based on a mechanism
similar to that used by humans to display facial
expressions.
 Engineers hope to give Saya voice recognition
and video monitoring system in the future.
 These features would allow Saya to be used as a
communication tool, allowing an elderly father to
converse with a robot that resembles their son,
for example.
 At the same time, the son would be able to see
his father via the installed monitoring video.
SAYA, 2007
Saya Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yz8HjZCjS
HM
References
Artificial Intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial-intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence. (n.d.) Retrieved on November 29, 2008, from http://wwwformal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/node1.html.
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. (2008). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://smartmachines.blogspot.com/2008/11/hondas-robotic-legs.html.
ASIMO. (2007). Retrieved on November 28, 2008, from
http://world.honda.com/news/2007/c071211Enableing-Multiple-ASIMO-to-Work.
ASIMO. (2008). Retrieved on November 28, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASIMO.
Future of Artificial Intelligence. (2002). Retrieved on December 2, 2008, from
http://www.pcworld.com/article/91863/showing_off_the_future_of_artificial_intelligence.html.
References Continued
HAL Description. (2008). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from
http://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/robotsuithal/index.html.
HAL Exoskeleton. (2008). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://smartmachines.blogspot.com/2008/10/hal-exoskeleton-available-for-renting.html.
History of Artificial Intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from
http://library.thinkquest.org/2705/history.html.
Robotic Legs. (n.d.). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from
http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,24617984-5001028,00.html.
SAYA: The robot receptionist. (2007). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from
http://www.plasticbamboo.com/2007/03/05/saya-the-robot-receptionist/.