Download Lesson 2 Unit Notes

Unit 2 Changes to the Earth’s Surface
Lesson 2 Unit Notes pg. 240-246
1. Label the 4 layers of Earth on the diagram below:
crust
inner core
mantel
outer core
2. This layer of Earth is the thin outer layer that includes the land that makes
up the continents and the land under the oceans: ______________________
3. This layer of Earth is the second layer made of rock. It is so hot in some
places that the rock has melted to form magma: _______________________
4. The center of Earth is called __________________________. It is made up of
_______________________ and ____________________________.
5. The outer core is ________________________________. The inner core is
______________________________.
6. Earth’s crust and mantel are broken into large rock slaps called
___________________________.
7. How much do the plates move each year? ___________________________
8. Name 3 ways plates can move:
a. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
9. A _________________________________ is a mountain that forms as lava flows
through a crack onto Earth’s surface.
10. __________________________ volcanoes are made of layers of lava, rock,
and ash. They have steep peaks and are explosive when they erupt.
11. __________________________ volcanoes erupt slowly and lava flows steadily
down their gently sloping sides.
12. ___________________________ volcanoes are small and have steep sides
and shoot chunks of rock into the air and down their slopes.
Unit 2 Changes to the Earth’s Surface
Lesson 2 Unit Notes pg. 240-246
13. What can cause Earthquakes?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
14. An _____________________________ is the shaking of Earth’s surface caused
by movement of rock in the crust.
15. A _____________________________ is a break in the crust where rocks move
and is where most earthquakes occur.
16. ______________________________ can cause big changes to Earth’s surface
and take longer to affect the land around them.
17. In ____________________________, rivers drop bits of rock and soil along the
way. This builds deltas and floodplains.
18. A ______________________________ is a large, moving mass of ice.
19. Name the two types of glaciers:__________________and__________________
20. ____________________________ changes Earth’s surface by carrying and
moving loose soil and by blowing sand into rocks.
21. _____________________________ changes Earth’s surface by breaking down
rocky clifs and changing the shape of the coastline.