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Madonna and Infant Jesus Duccio di Buoninsegna 1308 Raphael 1505 Renaissance “Hence the painter will produce pictures of small merit if he takes for his standard the pictures of others, but if he will study those from natural objects he will bear good fruit.” Leonardo da Vinci Renaissance “Rebirth” in Italy, 1350 to 1550 AD Rebirth of Greco-Roman civilization Art in the Renaissance Imitation of nature Focus on the human Realistic proportions Laws of perspective What they saw in paintings was a continuation of what they saw in the real world Classicism in Renaissance Art More popular theme in Southern European art Realism in Renaissance Art More popular theme in Northern Europe Everyday scenes The Arnolfini Portrait Renaissance and Scientific Revolution Prior to Renaissance, everything was “God’s handiwork” Theological explanations Renaissance Men looked to nature Human Anatomy More interest in human proportions in art Surgery Astronomy Geocentric Heliocentric Ptolemy, ca. 200 CE Earth was center of universe Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) The sun was center of universe Astronomy Galileo Galilei Backed Copernicus’ heliocentric view Celestial bodies made of material substances instead of "magic” Physics Sir Isaac Newton Three Laws of Motion 1. 2. 3. An object at rest stays a rest unless acted on The greater the mass, the greater the force needed to stop To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction Astronomy Johann Kepler Three Laws of Planetary Motion 1. 2. 3. Orbits of planets were elliptical, not circular Speed of planet is greater closer to the sun Planets with larger orbits revolve more slowly