Download Lab 2

Lab 2 Pre-Lab Questions
1. Define the following terms:
Macrocytic:
abnormally large cell
Normochromic:
being normal in color
Etiology:
the cause or origin. (like in the cause of a disease or condition)
Anemia
a pathological condition in which blood oxygen level is reduced, due to too few
RBCs, reduction in hemoglobin concentration or defective hemoglobin
Leukemia
uncontrolled, abnormal proliferation of one or more of the leukocyte precursor cells
Eosinophilia
increase in the number of circulating eosinophils beyond normal
Hematology
study of blood and blood producing organs
Hemoglobin S
abnormal hemoglobin type produced in relation to sickle cell trait
Smudge
a ruptured leukocyte in a blood smear.
Intrinsic factor
a small protein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach and required for
absorption of vitamin B 12
2. Match the term with the appropriate description:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
mediastinum
fibrous pericardium
parietal pericardium
superior vena cava
trabeculae carneae
pulmonary veins
papillary muscle
h. pulmonary trunk
i. interventricular septum
j. coronary sinus
k. ventricles
l. inferior vena cava
m. visceral pericardium
n. fossa ovalis
o. chordae tendineae
p. pectinate muscle
q. aorta
r. apex
s. intercalated disc
t. myocardium
u. atria
v. endocardium
w. auricles
Q
largest artery in the body
I
internal partition that divides the ventricles internally
D
three veins that deliver blood to the right artrium
L
receives blood from the lower limbs and abdominal organs and drains into the right atrium.
J
a venous sinus that opens into the right atrium
C
lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium
G
muscle that plays a role in valve function
R
lies in the left fifth intercostal space; points inferiorly towards the left hip
U
superior heart chambers
F
vessels that deliver blood to the left atrium
A
the medial cavity of the thorax
E
irregular ridges of muscle found in the internal walls of the ventricles
W
small protruding ear like flaps that increase atrial volume to a small degree
V
maintains a smooth surface for blood flow; lines heart chambers and covers heart valves
T
middle heart layer
N
remnant of fetal circulation located in the interatrial septum
M
also known as the epicardium
P
ridged bundles of muscle tissue in the anterior atrial walls
K
inferior chambers of the heart
B
outer, tough dense connective tissue layer of the pericardium
O
collagen cords connected to the AV valves; anchor the valves to papillary muscle
3. Identify the structures using the terms below:
16
interventricular septum
2
superior vena cava
18
brachiocephalic artery
6
tricuspid valve
11
left atrium
21
endocardium
17
pulmonary semilunar valve
1
aortic arch
4
right pulmonary veins
12
bicuspid (mitral) valve
5
right atrium
8
inferior vena cava
13
aortic semilunar valve
23
myocardium
10
left pulmonary veins
19
left common carotid artery
14
left ventricle
7
right ventricle
20
left subclavian artery
22
pulmonary trunk
3
right pulmonary artery
9
left pulmonary artery
24
epicardium
15
descending aorta
18
19
17
21
23
16
24
20
22
4. Match the terms below with the descriptions:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
right coronary artery
marginal artery
left coronary artery
great cardiac vein
pulmonary semilunar valve
f. tricuspid valve
g. aortic semilunar valve
h. anterior interventricular artery
i. middle cardiac vein
j. posterior interventricular artery
k. bicuspid valve
These two structures prevent the backflow of blood into the atria
f, k
These two structures prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles
e,g
These two structures arise from the base of the aorta and supply blood
to coronary circulation
a,c
These two vessels supply blood to the interventricular septum
h,j
These two structures are tributaries of the coronary sinus
d,i
This vessel supplies blood to the right ventricular wall
b
5. Describe the location and position of the heart in the human body:
The heart lies within the mediastinum extending obliquely from the second rib to the
fifth intercostals space. It lies anterior to the vertebral column, posterior to the sternum
and medial to the lungs.
6. Compare the function of the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit
Pulmonary circuit consists of blood vessels that transport blood to and from the lungs. These
blood vessels carry oxygen poor blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and carry oxygen
rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
Systemic circuit consists of blood vessels that carry blood to and from the various body
systems. These blood vessels carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the tissues of
the body and bring back deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.