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Answer Key_ Name: _ Period: _____ Date: ____________________ Ch 7.3 Pretest: Cell Transport Matching: Match the term on the right with the definition on the left. E __ when a cell expands so much from osmosis 1. __ that the cell membrane breaks B__ the molecule used by the cell for energy 2. __ O__ general term for cell transport not using 3. __ A. active transport B. ATP C. carrier protein D. concentration the cell’s energy. Energy is provided by random motion of the substance’s molecules gradient E. cytolysis F. diffusion G. endocytosis concentration of dissolved substances H. equilibrium I. exocytosis substances within the cell J. facilitated diffusion K. hypertonic things in/out of the cell L. hypotonic M. isotonic even out concentrations in/out of the cell N. osmosis O. passive transport amounts of solid material P. phagocytosis Q. pinocytosis things across R. plasmolysis S. vesicle K__ when a solution outside the cell has a higher 4. __ S__ general term for an organelle used for storing 5. __ J__ passive transport where proteins help take 6. __ N__ process where water enters/leaves the cell to 7. __ P__ active transport where cells take in large 8. __ C__ protein in the cell membrane that helps move 9. __ F__ process where molecules simply move from 10. __ high to low concentration Q__ active transport where cells take in large amounts of liquids 11. __ I 12. __ __ process where large amounts of substances leave the cell L__ solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than 13. __ inside D__ difference in concentration outside and inside the cell; reason why things 14. __ move from higher to lower concentration R__ process where a cell shrinks because it has been put in a hypertonic 15. __ solution A__ general term for cell transport involving energy from the cell 16. __ H__ although movement of molecules does not stop, there is no net movement. 17. __ Balance has been achieved inside and outside the cell G__ general term for active transport where large amounts of substances are 18. __ taken into the cell and placed in vesicles M__ a solution that has a concentration of solutes equal to that of a cell 19. __ Explain these three terms with relation to the cell membrane: 20. Phospholipid bilayer Two layers of phosphate and lipid molecules back to back. The outside is hydrophilic (“water loving”; water soluble; polar) while the inside is hydrophobic (“water hating”; water insoluble; nonpolar) 21. Fluid mosaic Besides phospholipids there are other molecules (carbohydrates, proteins) that make it up. It is dynamic and moving. 22. Selectively permeable Only certain things are chosen to pass through. Others are kept out. 23 - 24. There are basically two kinds of cell transport: active and passive. What is the difference? Give an example of each. Active takes energy from the cell (ATP) and can go against a concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). Endocytosis, exocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis and protein pumps are all examples. Passive does not take energy from the cell and goes with a concentration gradient (from high to low concentration). Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion are all examples. 25. – 27. Describe diffusion: Example of active/passive (circle one) into/out of the cell (circle one or both!) Moves things Moves For large/small molecules (circle one or both!) Specific/not Uses/does with/against concentration gradient (circle one) specific (circle one) not use carrier proteins (circle one) 28. – 30. Describe facilitated diffusion: Example of active/passive (circle one) into/out of the cell (circle one or both!) Moves things Moves For Specific/not specific Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one) with/against concentration gradient (circle one) large/small molecules (circle one or both!) (circle one) 31. – 33. Describe osmosis: Example of active/passive (circle one) into/out of the cell (circle one or both!) Moves things Moves with/against concentration gradient* For large/small molecules (circle one or both!) Specific/not specific Uses/does of water (circle one) (circle one) not use carrier proteins (circle one) 34. - 36. Describe protein pumps: Example of active/passive (circle one) into/out of the cell (circle one or both!) Moves things Moves with/against concentration gradient* For Specific/not specific Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one) can (circle one) large/small molecules (circle one or both!) (circle one) 37. – 39. Describe endocytosis: Example of active/passive (circle one) into/out of the cell (circle one or both!) Moves things Moves with/against concentration gradient For Specific/not specific Uses/does * can (circle one) large/small molecules * large amounts (circle one or both!) (circle one) not use carrier proteins * vesicles (circle one) 40. – 42. Describe exocytosis: Example of active/passive (circle one) Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!) Moves with/against concentration gradient For Specific/not specific Uses/does * can (circle one) large/small molecules * large amounts (circle one or both!) (circle one) not use carrier proteins (circle one) Define and tell what a cell would do in each kind of solution below: 43. Hypotonic Solution has lower concentration than cell Net movement of water is into the cell and it expands and may explode! (cytolysis) 44. Isotonic Solution has the same concentration compared to the cell Water moves both into and out of the cell at an equal rate, and the cell does not change size. 45. Hypertonic Solution has higher concentration than cell Net movement of water is out of the cell and it shrinks! (plasmolysis) Identify each image as: diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, protein pump, exocytosis or endocytosis. Protein Pump_ 46. _ Endocytosis__ 48. __ 47. _ Osmosis__ 49. _Facilitated diffusion_ Diffusion_ 50. _ 51. _ Exocytosis__