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PLANTS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS • Photosynthesis: Plants create energy from sunlight. • Light energy is turned into chemical energy (sugars are carbon based). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Photosynthesis: Plants create energy from sunlight. • Light energy is turned into chemical energy (sugars are carbon based). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy VIDEO: PHOTOSYNTHESIS MISCONCEPTION #1: • What is sugar used for in a plant? • Sugar is used for energy. • Sugar is also converted to starch and cellulose. • Cellulose is what makes up the structure of the plant (branches, stems, etc.) MISCONCEPTION #2 • Plants get their food from soil. • 55% of the substance of a plant’s mass is carbon taken from the atmosphere and converted into cellulose and starch through photosynthesis. • Commercial plant food contains phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium. MISCONCEPTION #3 • Plants do not need oxygen; they only take in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen. • Photosynthesis is NOT a method of breathing. It’s a food-making process. • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 6 Carbon Dioxide • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6Water • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6Water + • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 Sunlight • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Sunlight (6 Glucose) + 6 Oxygen • Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water+ Sunlight 6 Glucose + 6 Oxygen • Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is utilized to convert carbon dioxide and water into food to be used by plants. • Oxygen is released into the air during the process. (O 2) • the green pigment in leaves. • It is then converted into chemical energy which is stored as starch or sugar. • These starches and sugars are stored in roots, stems and fruits. They are available to the plant as food or fuel. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is utilized to convert carbon dioxide and water into food to be used by plants. • Oxygen is released into the air during the process. (O 2) • Light or solar energy is captured by chlorophyll (CHLOR-oh-phil), the green pigment in leaves. • It is then converted into chemical energy which is stored as starch or sugar. • These starches and sugars are stored in roots, stems and fruits. They are available to the plant as food or fuel. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is utilized to convert carbon dioxide and water into food to be used by plants. • Oxygen is released into the air during the process. (O 2) • Light or solar energy is captured by chlorophyll (CHLOR-oh-phil), the green pigment in leaves. • It is then converted into chemical energy which is stored as starch or sugar. • These starches and sugars are stored in roots, stems and fruits. They are available to the plant as food or fuel. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is utilized to convert carbon dioxide and water into food to be used by plants. • Oxygen is released into the air during the process. (O 2) • Light or solar energy is captured by chlorophyll (CHLOR-oh-phil), the green pigment in leaves. • It is then converted into chemical energy which is stored as starch or sugar. • These starches and sugars are stored in roots, stems and fruits. They are available to the plant as food or fuel. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is utilized to convert carbon dioxide and water into food to be used by plants. • Oxygen is released into the air during the process. (O 2) • Light or solar energy is captured by chlorophyll (CHLOR-oh-phil), the green pigment in leaves. • It is then converted into chemical energy which is stored as starch or sugar. • Chemical energy is stored in roots, stems and fruits as starches and sugar. They are available to the plant as food or fuel. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Hoot! Hoot! I feel right at home! Hoot! Hoot! I feel right at home! •MATTER IS RECYCLED THROUGH THE ECOSYSTEM. • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? And the answer is… A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Carbon Dioxide and water are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which of the following statements is false of photosynthesis? And the answer is… A.) Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. B.) Oxygen and glucose are produced in photosynthesis. C.) Oxygen and glucose are produced. D.) In photosynthesis, plants use radiant energy from the sun to create chemical energy in the form of sugars. E.) None of the above. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Carbon dioxide is used. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Water is used. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Occurs in light Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Occurs only in cells with chloroplasts. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Produces sugar from light which may then be stored or transformed to starch or cellulose (plant material.) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Oxygen is released as a waste product. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Photosynthesis Simulation TRACING THE PATH OF WATER….. …..through a plant • What do the tree branches have that the roots do not? • Can a plant get a drink of water like this? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Can a plant get its minerals like this? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Do plants have fat / large stomachs for storing food and energy? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • How do plants anchor into the ground? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Roots - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Usually the underground portion of a plant. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Lacks buds, leaves, or nodes. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Serves as support. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Draws minerals and water from the surrounding soil. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Sometimes stores food. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy There are two types main types of roots. - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy There are two types main types of roots. - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy There are two types main types of roots. - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy There are two types main types of roots. - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy There are two main types of roots. - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Taproot: Main root with roots that branch off. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Can you find the taproot in this picture? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Answer! A carrot is one big taproot? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Fibrous root: Many branches. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which root is a taproot, and which is a fibrous root? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • 1) Taproot 2) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • 1) Taproot 2) Fibrous Root Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Other roots can be tubercular. (Tubers) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Can you find the tuber in the picture below? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Answer! Potatoes are part of a tuberous root system. “I didn’t know that.” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Root Hairs: Hairlike extensions of root to absorb water and nutrients. Very delicate (damaged when transplanted). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Root Hairs: Hairlike extensions of root to absorb water and nutrients. Very delicate (damaged when transplanted). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Root Hairs: Hairlike extensions of root to absorb water and nutrients. Very delicate (damaged when transplanted). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Root Hairs: Hairlike extensions of root to absorb water and nutrients. • Very delicate (damaged when transplanted). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Transpiration • The process by which water is drawn up from the plants roots to the leaves and is lost by evaporation through pores in the plants’ leaves. • Plants lose gallons of water every day through this process . Transpiration • Up to 99% of the water absorbed by roots is lost via transpiration through plant leaves. This water loss allows the plant to access CO2 for photosynthesis and to cool itself . Water uptake is necessary for plants because… - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Keeps plants rigid and not wilted. Water fills cells and creates turgor pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy I can’t even do photosynthesis anymore….Help! Man, I could sure use a drink here. Someone tell the roots to get some water up here. I can’t even do photosynthesis anymore….Help! Man, I could sure use a drink here. Someone tell the roots to get some water up here. I can’t even do photosynthesis anymore….Help! Man, I could sure use a drink here. Someone tell the roots to get some water up here. I can’t even do photosynthesis anymore….Help! Man, I could sure use a drink here. Someone tell the roots to get some water up here. • Video of young plant and periodic watering. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LICDb8nM5rs Water cools the plant down during warm weather. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Water carries dissolved nutrients and minerals throughout plant. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Water is needed for photosynthesis. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy FLOWER • Flower: The reproductive organ of a plant that makes the seed. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • What is does the perfect flower look like? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • A Perfect Flower: A flower that has both the male parts and female parts in the same flower. Female Male Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Imperfect Flower: A flower that has either all male parts or all female parts, but not both in the same flower. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy VIDEO! PARTS OF A FLOWER • Stamen – Male part of flower. • • - • Filament: Supports the anther. • Filament: Supports the anther. • Filament: Supports the anther. • Anther: Part of the stamen that holds the pollen. • Anther: Part of the stamen that holds the pollen. • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? • Pistil: Female part of flower (egg). • • • - • - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Stigma: Sticky bulb in the center of the flower. Receives the pollen grains. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Style: Long stalk that the stigma sits on top of. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Ovary: On bottom of the flower, has the seeds inside and turns into the fruit. Contains the ovules. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Ovule: The part of the ovary that becomes the seeds. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Petal: The colorful, often bright part of the flower. • They attract pollinators and are pretty . Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Petal: The colorful, often bright part of the flower. • They attract pollinators and are pretty . Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Flowers attract pollinators through… • Fragrance (smell) • Nectar (food) • Color (sight) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Flowers attract pollinators through… • Fragrance (smell) • Nectar (food) • Color (sight) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Flowers attract pollinators through… • Fragrance (smell) • Nectar (food) • Color (sight) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • No fancy flower or nectar = Wind pollination ????????? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • No fancy flower or nectar = Wind pollination ????????? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • No fancy flower or nectar = Wind pollination Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Sepal: Green leaves that cover the outside of a flower bud to protect the flower before it opens. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Please label the letters below. • A- • B- • C- • D- • E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Answers • A-Anther • B- • C- • D- • E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Answers • A-Anther • B-Filament • C- • D- • E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Answers • A-Anther • B-Filament • C-Stigma • D- • E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Answers • A-Anther • B-Filament • C-Stigma • D-Style • E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Answers • A-Anther • B-Filament • C-Stigma • D-Style • E-Ovary Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Answers 1-10. Name that flower part! Same answer can be used more than once. 1 Filament 2 2 Ovules 3 3 Petals 4 4 Stigma 5 5 Sepals 6 6 Anther 7 7 Ovary 8 8 Style 9 9 Anther 10 10 Sepals VIDEO! • Activity! Flower Dissection. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Flower Dissection. • When we remove a piece of the flower, line up the parts of the flower on the sticky side of the clear tape provided. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Flower Dissection. • When we remove a piece of the flower, line up the parts of the flower on the sticky side of the clear tape provided. • They will be taped into your journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy