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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ #_____A Necessities of Life Chapter 1 Section 2 Use complete sentences!!! 1. The four basic necessities of any living thing are ___________________, __________________________, _____________________, __________________. WATER _____ 2. Cells of most living things are made of approximately a. 10% water. c. 50% water. b. 33% water. d. 70% water. _____ 3. Most of the chemical reactions involved in metabolism require a. air. c. water. b. oxygen. d. carbon dioxide. 4. About how long can humans survive without water? ____________________________________________________________________ AIR _____ 5. Air is a mixture of gases, including oxygen and a. carbon monoxide. b. carbon dioxide. c. sulfur dioxide. d. nitrogen dioxide. _____ 6. What is a chemical process in which most living things use oxygen? a. releasing energy from food b. storing energy c. transporting waste d. breaking down cells _____ 7. Green plants, algae, and some bacteria need carbon dioxide gas in addition to a. carbohydrates. b. lipids. c. sugar. d. oxygen. 8.Green organisms convert the energy in sunlight to energy stored in food during____________________________. Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 5 It’s Alive!! Or Is It? Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Necessities continued A PLACE TO LIVE 9. What do organisms need in the place where they live? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 10. How does the limited amount of space on Earth affect organisms? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ FOOD 11. Food gives organisms _________________________ and _________________________________. 12. Organisms use nutrients from food to replace ____________and build ___________________________ parts. Organisms are grouped by how they get their food. The three groups are producers, consumers, and decomposers. In the space provided, write P if the phrase describes a producer, C if the phrase describes a consumer, and D if the phrase describes a decomposer. _____ 13. eats other living organisms or organic matter _____ 14. a mushroom _____ 15. a frog _____ 16. uses energy from the sun or the chemicals in the environment to make food _____ 17. a plant _____ 18. gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 6 It’s Alive!! Or Is It? Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Necessities of Life continued PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER 19. All organisms _________________ ____________food in order to get the nutrients from it. 20. Nutrients are made up of______________________, a substance created when two or more atoms combine. 21. Molecules made of different kinds of atoms are called______________________. 22.Chemical elements within molecules combine to form building blocks of cells. Name the five chemical building blocks of cells. a ______________________________________________________________ b ______________________________________________________________ c ______________________________________________________________ d ______________________________________________________________ e ______________________________________________________________ PROTEINS Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. _____ 23. compounds that make up proteins a. enzymes _____ 24. proteins that speed up chemical reactions b. protein _____ 25. a protein found in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen c. amino acids d. hemoglobin _____ 26. a nutrient involved in almost all life processes CARBOHYDRATES 27. Energy-giving nutrients such as sugars, starches, and fiber are called ______________________. 28.Cells use carbohydrates as a source of ___________________ and for energy ______________________. Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 7 It’s Alive!! Or Is It? Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Necessities of Life continued 29. Carbohydrates made of one sugar molecule or a few linked sugar molecules are called ______________________. 30. A carbohydrate made of hundreds of molecules linked together is called a(n) ______________________. 31. When you are eating mashed potatotes, you are eating the potato plant’s ___________________________ _____________________________. LIPIDS _____ 32. Which of the following is NOT true of lipids? a. Lipids mix with water. b. Lipids store energy. c. Lipids include fats and oils. d. Lipids make up cell membranes. 33. The molecules that form much of the cell membrane are ______________________. 34. When your body uses up all of its carbohydrates, it can get stored energy from ________________________. ATP 35. The major energy-carrying molecule in the cell is ______________________. 36. The energy from carbohydrates and lipids must be transferred to _________________, then they can be used by the body. NUCLEIC ACIDS 37. Molecules consisting of subunits called nucleotides are called ______________________. 38. Why are nucleic acids called the blueprints of life? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 8 It’s Alive!! Or Is It?