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Classification: 2 types of cells: Prokaryotes (bacteria), Eukaryotes (plants & animals) Mammals: breathe air, give birth to live young Genus-group of species; when a scientist discovers a new species, it is placed with the species with which it shares the most characteristics Structure and Function of Living Organisms: From Cells to Organisms Cells: smallest, or lowest, level of organization of the human body Organelles/parts: nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, vacuoles, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, cell membrane (plants: chloplasts, cell wall) Diffusion, Osmosis (water), Division (mitosis, meiosis) Tissues: 4 types-nerve, muscle, epithelial, connective (where are red blood cells made?) Organs Organ systems: What are the main parts and functions? Digestive-digestion, absorption, elimination of waste Circulatory-transport—waste (carbon dioxide), needed materials (nutrients, oxygen) Skeletal-support & structure Respiratory-Oxygen/Carbon dioxide between air and lungs Nervous system (Where does the digestive system connect to the circulatory system?) (Where does the Respiratory system connect to the circulatory system?) Properties and Change of Matter: Atoms and Molecules Atoms, element, molecules, compounds Inheritance, Variation, and Adaptation: Heredity Traits, genetics---Punnett Square (Pp xPp), Genotype, Phenotype, reproduction, variation, diversity Ecosystems: Flow of Energy through Ecosystems Biotic, Abiotic Populations, Communities Producers, consumers, decomposers Photosynthesis, Respiration Pathway of energy through a living system: light energy-chemical energy-heat Limiting factors-food/water, space, climate Carrying Capacity-maximum population an ecosystem can support Adaptation- any heritable characteristic that an organism possesses that improves its ability to survive and reproduce in its environment Scientific Inquiry Question, Variables (manipulated, responding, controlled), Hypothesis, Procedure, Data Collection (Observation & Recording), Data Analysis, Drawing and writing a conclusion