Download If a mutation occurs in one member of a population, does that

Chapter 14
Principles of Evolution
Active Lecture Questions
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
If a mutation occurs in one member of a
population, does that constitute evolution?
1. Yes. Any change in an individual always
results in evolution of the entire population.
2. Yes. Mutations always encode for favorable
traits.
3. No. Mutations always lead to death.
4. No. Evolution is a product of change in the
population, not in the individual.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
If a mutation occurs in one member of a
population, does that constitute evolution?
1. Yes. Any change in an individual always
results in evolution of the entire population.
2. Yes. Mutations always encode for favorable
traits.
3. No. Mutations always lead to death.
4. No. Evolution is a product of change in the
population, not in the individual.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How would Darwin have determined whether the
Patagonian hare from Ecuador and lop-eared
rabbits from England were the same species? He
would have:
1. Looked at both types. If they look alike as
adults, then they are the same species.
2. Compared their behaviors to see whether
they are the same in different environments.
3. Bred them to see whether they could
produce fertile offspring.
4. Seen whether they occupy the same niche
within different environments.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How would Darwin have determined whether the
Patagonian hare from Ecuador and lop-eared
rabbits from England were the same species? He
would have:
1. Looked at both types. If they look alike as
adults, then they are the same species.
2. Compared their behaviors to see whether
they are the same in different environments.
3. Bred them to see whether they could
produce fertile offspring.
4. Seen whether they occupy the same niche
within different environments.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In the figure, fossils of the most recently evolved
species would be located in which rock layers?
1. Uppermost layers
2. Middle layers
3. Lowermost layers
4. Earth’s core
Figure 14-4
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In the figure, fossils of the most recently evolved
species would be located in which rock layers?
1. Uppermost layers
2. Middle layers
3. Lowermost layers
4. Earth’s core
Figure 14-4
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A major trend in evolution is that _________
forms give rise to ___________ ones.
1. Larger; smaller
2. Smaller; larger
3. Simple; more complex
4. More complex; simple
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A major trend in evolution is that _________
forms give rise to ___________ ones.
1. Larger; smaller
2. Smaller; larger
3. Simple; more complex
4. More complex; simple
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What is the difference between a theory and a
hypothesis?
1. A theory is widely supported by scientific
evidence; a hypothesis is an educated guess
that can be disproved.
2. A hypothesis cannot be disproved; a theory
is an educated guess.
3. A theory is true; a hypothesis is false.
4. A hypothesis is true; a theory is false.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What is the difference between a theory and a
hypothesis?
1. A theory is widely supported by scientific
evidence; a hypothesis is an educated guess
that can be disproved.
2. A hypothesis cannot be disproved; a theory
is an educated guess.
3. A theory is true; a hypothesis is false.
4. A hypothesis is true; a theory is false.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In the figure, the forelimbs of the bird, seal, and
human are referred to as:
1. Homologous
structures.
2. Vestigial
structures.
3. Analogous
structures.
4. Convergent
structures.
Figure 14-8
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In the figure, the forelimbs of the bird, seal, and
human are referred to as:
1. Homologous
structures.
2. Vestigial
structures.
3. Analogous
structures.
4. Convergent
structures.
Figure 14-8
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Homologous structures, like those of the bird,
seal, and human, exhibit __________ evolution,
meaning that these animals evolved from a
____________ ancestor.
1. Convergent; common
2. Divergent; common
3. Convergent; different
4. Divergent; different
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Homologous structures, like those of the bird,
seal, and human, exhibit __________ evolution,
meaning that these animals evolved from a
____________ ancestor.
1. Convergent; common
2. Divergent; common
3. Convergent; different
4. Divergent; different
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
The wings of insects and birds are ________
structures and exhibit _________ evolution.
1. Homologous; convergent
2. Homologous; divergent
3. Analogous; convergent
4. Analogous; divergent
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
The wings of insects and birds are ________
structures and exhibit _________ evolution.
1. Homologous; convergent
2. Homologous; divergent
3. Analogous; convergent
4. Analogous; divergent
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which postulate about evolution is FALSE?
1. Populations exhibit variation.
2. Variations are due to traits inherited by
offspring from parents.
3. Every individual in a population reproduces.
4. The best-suited individuals can have the
most offspring.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which postulate about evolution is FALSE?
1. Populations exhibit variation.
2. Variations are due to traits inherited by
offspring from parents.
3. Every individual in a population reproduces.
4. The best-suited individuals can have the
most offspring.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Brightly colored male peacocks and drably
colored females show that:
1. The females have to be well protected by the
males.
2. The same agent of natural selection works
on both sexes.
3. Different agents of natural selection work on
the two sexes.
4. Natural selection has influenced only the
males, not the females.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Brightly colored male peacocks and drably
colored females show that:
1. The females have to be well protected by the
males.
2. The same agent of natural selection works
on both sexes.
3. Different agents of natural selection work on
the two sexes.
4. Natural selection has influenced only the
males, not the females.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Within a population, the different colors and
patterns of eyes are:
1. Produced in anticipation of environmental
forces.
2. The results of chance mutations.
3. Reflections of the colors in the environment.
4. Created by the environmental effects on the
phenotype.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Within a population, the different colors and
patterns of eyes are:
1. Produced in anticipation of environmental
forces.
2. The results of chance mutations.
3. Reflections of the colors in the environment.
4. Created by the environmental effects on the
phenotype.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which is NOT an example of artificial selection?
1. Golden retriever
2. House cat
3. Weeds in a garden
4. Insect-resistant tomatoes
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which is NOT an example of artificial selection?
1. Golden retriever
2. House cat
3. Weeds in a garden
4. Insect-resistant tomatoes
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.