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First & Second Punic Wars
Interesting Tid-bits (do not copy)
 Rome never forgave Carthage or Hannibal for nearly
defeating them. In 149 BC, Rome made an
impossible demand of Carthage, telling them to
abandon their city and move inland. Carthage
refused and Rome attacked the city, destroying it.
 Fourteen years after the end of the Second Punic
War, Rome demanded that Carthage hand over
Hannibal. Carthage refused, and Hannibal went into
voluntary exile. He was pursued by the Romans until
he drank poison and died in 183 BC at the age of 64.
Roman Ships
The Romans had to find a way to use
their advantage (strong army) at sea
corvus
Grappling
Events During the War
 The Romans lost the only significant
land battle of the 1st Punic War: in
Carthage
 Carthage used elephants do
disorganize the Roman legions
 The Roman fleet was destroyed by a
storm leaving Carthage
End of the 1st Punic War
 In 241 BC the Roman navy caught the
Carthaginian fleet and destroyed it
 Carthage agreed to terms…
 Carthage had to leave Sicily and pay an
indemnity (yearly payment)
Review Quiz for 1st Punic War
1.
2.
3.
4.
Rome and
Carthage first
fought over control
of ________.
What is this?
What role did it
play in the war?
Who won the 1st
Punic War
Answers
1.
Sicily
2. Corvus
3. Allowed the Romans to use
land tactics at sea
4. The Romans
Second Punic Wars: The Story
 DON’T COPY THIS…
 The Second Punic War between Carthage and Rome was
ignited by the dispute over the hegemony of Saguntum, a
Hellenized Iberian coastal city with diplomatic contacts
with Rome. After great tension within the city
government culminating in the assassination of the
supporters of Carthage, Hannibal laid siege to the city of
Saguntum in 219 BC. The city called for Roman aid, but
the pleas fell on deaf ears. Following a prolonged siege
and a bloody struggle in which Hannibal himself was
wounded and the army practically destroyed, the
Carthaginians finally took control of the city. Many of the
Saguntians chose to commit suicide rather than face the
subjugation by the Carthaginians.
The Second Punic War: Overview
 The Second Punic War, also referred to as the
Hannibalic War, lasted from 218 to 202 BC.
 Rome won
 Famous Generals
Carthage—Hannibal
Rome--Scipio
Major Battles
 218 BC (Aug.): Hannibal conquers Sanguntum (Spain)
 218 BC (December): The Trebia
 217 BC: Battle of Lake Trasimere
 216 BC: Battle of Cannae
 202: Battle of Zama
Beginning of the 2nd Punic War: Hannibal
 Hannibal - a great military general led his army
which included elephants across the Alps
 Marched with:
-50,000 infantry
-9,000 cavalry
-37 war elephants
(that’s after MANY losses, too!)