Download The Heart: Valves

Name _____________________________________________
The Cardiovascular System—Ch. 11
 A closed system of the heart and blood vessels
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 The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver _______________________________
and to remove _______________________________________________
The Heart
 Location
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 About the size of your fist
The Heart: Coverings
 Pericardium – a double serous membrane
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 Serous fluid fills the space between the layers of pericardium
The Heart Wall
 Three layers
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Epicardium
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Myocardium
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Endocardium
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The Heart: Chambers
 Right and left side act as separate pumps
 Four chambers
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Receiving chambers
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Discharging chambers
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The Heart: Valves
 Allow blood to flow in one direction
 Four valves
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 Valves open as blood is pumped through
 Held in place by ______________________________________________________________
 AV valves close when ventricles contract, to prevent backflow in Atria
The Heart: Associated Great Vessels
 Aorta
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 Pulmonary arteries
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 Vena cava
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 Pulmonary veins (four)
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Coronary Circulation
 Blood in the heart chambers does
this!!!!!!!)
NOT nourish the myocardium! (Please understand
 The heart has its own nourishing circulatory system
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The Heart: Conduction System
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 Special tissue sets the pace
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Heart Contractions
 Contraction is initiated by the _________________________________________
 Sequential stimulation occurs at other autorhythmic cells
QRS Complex
 3 recognizable waves
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Cardiac Cycle
 Atria ____________________________________________________
 Atria ____________________________________________________
 Systole =
 Diastole =
 Cardiac cycle – events of one complete heart beat
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The Heart: Cardiac Output
 Cardiac output (CO)
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 Stroke volume
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Regulation of Heart Rate
 Stroke volume usually remains relatively constant
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 ________________________________________________ is the most common way to change
cardiac output
 Increased heart rate
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 Decreased heart rate
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