Download File - Environmental Sciences

Soha Nadeem
Mr. Mangan
IB1 Environmental Sciences
23 March 2016
1. Krataku was most famous for its eruption in 1883.
2. Anak Krakatoa is the only island formed, back in 1926.
3. There were hardly any humans left, and there were some insects stuck
underground.
4. The type of succession, which occurred, was primary succession.
5. The pioneer species were pocket gophers, seeds, and parts of plants
6. These pioneers brought nutrients for the soil when they died. Gophers mixed
essential fungi that allowed plant roots to absorb soil nutrients to grow and
make energy for other organisms
7. Plants, such as ferns. They were able to establish themselves, since they are
now in a climax community.
8. The new ones were able to arrive by air, sea and animals.
9. Already some surviving organisms in the rubble of the disaster. Didn’t have to
wait on the transporting organisms getting there by chance.
10. It was possible as there are nutrients in the soil from the decayed animals and
plants.
Third: Sustaining where life in ecosystem begins to enter pattern that allows cycle
of life to continue (birth and death occurring, little migration outside of the
ecosystem)
Fourth: Producing when lifeforms are breeding and growing. Also more areas of
overgrowth or overpopulation
11. Smaller plants and trees (pioneer species) helped by adding nutrients to the
soil which allows big trees to grow and survive in the ecosystem as there was
enough nutrients in the soil to sustain them.
12. Through succession, more organisms came that where different that the
pioneer species as the pioneer species made the ecosystem more habitable for
a variety of species. With more nutrients in the soil, more plants could survive,
attracting more insects and more animals to the ecosystem. Through the stages
of succession (pioneer, establishing, sustaining, and producing), diversity was
able to occur.
13. Tropical rainforest ecosystem
14. Overgrazing and pasture degradation, overfishing and replacement of
commercially valuable fish, severe forest fires when forests are protected from
fires.
Plagioclimax community is an area or habitat where the influences of humans
have prevented the ecosystem from developing further (stopped from reaching
its full climatic climax or deflected towards a different climax by cutting down
existing vegetation, burning for forest clearance, planting trees or crops,
grazing and trampling by domesticated animals, or harvesting of planted
crops).