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Mountains and Volcanoes
the BIG idea
Mountains and volcanoes form as tectonic plates move.
8.1 Movement of rock builds mountains.
8.2 Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts.
8.3 Volcanoes affect Earth’s land, air, and water.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER RESOURCES
8.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Movement of rock builds mountains.
Folded mountains form as plates push together.
VOCABULARY
folded mountain
fault-block
mountain
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
8.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Movement of rock builds mountains.
Folded mountains form as plates push together.
Fault-block mountains form as the lithosphere is
stretched.
VOCABULARY
folded mountain
fault-block
mountain
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
8.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts.
Volcanoes erupt molten rock, rock fragments, and
gases. Different types of erupted materials build up
different types of volcanoes.
A cinder cone is made
up of loose rock
fragments and cinders
that form as gas-rich
magma erupts.
A shield volcano
is made up of
many layers of
low-silica lava.
A composite volcano
consists of layers of
erupted rock
fragments and
cooled flows of highsilica lava.
VOCABULARY
volcano
lava
pyroclastic flow
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
8.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts.
Volcanoes erupt molten rock, rock fragments, and
gases. Different types of erupted materials build up
different types of volcanoes.
VOCABULARY
volcano
lava
pyroclastic flow
SIMULATION
Make a volcano erupt.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
8.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Volcanoes affect Earth’s land, air, and
water.
Materials erupted from volcanoes, as well as heat from
molten rock underground, affect Earth’s surface.
VOCABULARY
acid rain
geyser
VISUALIZATION
CLASSZONE.COM
Watch clips of erupted volcanic
material.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
8.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Movement of rock builds mountains.
I. Movement of rock builds mountains.
VOCABULARY
folded mountain
A. Most mountains form along plate boundaries.
1. Mountain Ranges and Belts
fault-block
mountain
2. Mountains, Rocks, and Sediment
B. Mountains can form as rocks fold.
C. Mountains can form as rocks move along faults.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
8.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts.
II. Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts.
A. Volcanoes erupt many types of material.
1. Magma
2. Rock Fragments
VOCABULARY
volcano
lava
pyroclastic flow
3. Volcanic Gases
B. Most volcanoes form along plate boundaries.
C. Volcanoes can be many shapes and sizes.
D. Scientists monitor volcanoes.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
8.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Volcanoes affect Earth’s land, air, and
water.
III. Volcanoes affect Earth’s land, air, and water.
VOCABULARY
acid rain
A. Volcanic eruptions affect the land.
geyser
1. Immediate Effects
2. Long-term Effects
B. Volcanic gases and ash affect the air.
C. Volcanic activity affects water.
1. Hot Springs, Geysers, and Fumaroles
2. Deep-Sea Vents
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
CHAPTER HOME
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