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Chapter 11 (Sections 1-3 - Genetics) Key Terms DIRECTIONS: For each word below, write the definition from Chapter 11 in your book (starts on page 260) on the lines provided. GENETICS ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ TRAIT ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ GENE – ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ALLELE ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ GAMETE ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ HOMOZYGOUS ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ HETEROZYGOUS ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ PHENOTYPE ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ GENOTYPE ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ CODOMINANCE ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ MULTIPLE ALLELES ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ POLYGENIC TRAIT ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Vocabulary Review Matching In the space provided, write the letter of the definition that best matches each term. ____ 1. gene ____ 2. genetics ____ 3. homozygous ____ 4. hybrid a. offspring of crosses between parents with different traits b. scientific study of heredity c. chemical factor that decides traits d. having two identical alleles for a particular trait Matching In the space provided, write the letter of the definition that best matches each term. _____ 5. phenotype _____ 6. probability _____ 7. Punnett square _____8. trait a. likelihood something will happen b. specific characteristic, such as seed color, that varies from one individual to another c. diagram used to show what gene combinations may result from a genetic cross d. physical characteristics of an organism Dominance Mendel’s principle of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive. An organism with a dominant allele will show the dominant form of the trait. An organism will only express the recessive form of a trait when a dominant allele is not present. In the space provided, fill in the genotype of the offspring. The first one has been done for you. Dominant and Recessive Forms of Pea Plant Traits Trait Offspring Parent Plants (P Generation) (F1 Generation) Seed Color Yellow YY Green yy Yellow Yy Seed Coat Color White gg Gray GG Gray Pod Shape Constricted ss Smooth SS Smooth Pod Color Green CC Yellow cc Green Plant Height Tall TT Short tt Use the table to answer the questions. Circle the correct answer. 1. What is the dominant shape of a pea pod? constricted smooth 2. What is the recessive color of a pea plant’s seed coat? white gray Tall NAME: ____________________________________ FOUNDATIONS DATE: __________________