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Development and Research of Three-phase Multizone AC-DC Converters Alexander G. Volkov, Gennady S. Zinoviev, IEEE Member NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia Abstract – In the given work has been done comparative analysis of work of new three-phase schemes AC-DC converters: a three-zone bridge scheme, a two-zone bridge scheme, two-zone null scheme, and also the two-zone scheme used one-phase bridges. It is shown that in new schemes of rectifiers of three-phase voltage inverse voltage on gates essentially decrease and substantially power indicators, in comparison with the schemes used at present are improved. Total harmonic distortion of direct voltage, an input current, and also the power factor, received computer modeling in PSIM are presented. Keywords – multizone, rectifier, total harmonic distortion, power factor. I. INTRODUCTION THE PRESENT TIME for electric mine hoist maATchines are widely used 6 - and 12-pulse schemes with irreversible thyristor converters in the armature circuit and reversible converters in the grid excitation. Parent sample of this drive was developed in CDB "Electric drive" in 1975 and introduced in 1977 on skip elevating of the first Berezniki potash plant [1, 2]. With a lower speed in comparison with the scheme with reversible thyristor converter in the armature circuit when developing managing and disturbing effects, these schemes, however, satisfies the technology requirements for mine winders for the following reasons: • The mine hoist installations and normal modes are no rapid changes in load torque; • The mine hoist installations presence of elastic bonds in the form of rope to exclude the possibility of rapid changes of control actions is required; However, hardware circuits with irreversible thyristors converters in the armature circuit and the analog control system and the regulation of costs significantly less hardware circuits with reversing thyristor converters. In this paper a fundamentally new scheme of rectification, which allow not only significantly reduce the reverse voltage across the valves, but also improve the quality of output voltage and input power factor rectifier surface are proposed. Improving the quality of output voltage leads to a decrease in the cost of the rectifier output filter, and improving the quality of the input current of rectifier leads to improved electromagnetic compatibility of converter with the supply grid, especially in cases of comparable power rectifier and power supply. In this case, the load is an electric drive up to 600 kW. This reduces the cost of additional equipment (passive and active filters, reactive power compensators), designed to reduce the reaction of the rectifier on the supply grid. The second area of application of these high-voltage rectifying schemes is the use of it as the first block to supply regulated DC bus for the second block energy conversion to alternating current, which may be a voltage inverter or inverter current [3]. II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM AND INVESTIGATED SCHEMES In this section, are compared the new three-phase highvoltage rectifiers, energy characteristics, as well as the number of semiconductor elements in the scheme. It is shown that the new schemes of three-phase multizone (n-zone generally) significantly reduced the number of rectifier thyristors, and reduces the reverse voltage on gates. Figures of total harmonic distortion of output voltage input current and input power factor, obtained by computer modeling in PSIM are shown. At Fig.II.1 (a, b) are 3-zone and 2-zone bridge schemes, respectively, and Fig. II.2 (a, b) the schemes of the 3-zone zero and 2zone scheme for the rectification used single-phase bridges, respectively. As the investigated schemes three-phase schemes of rectifying: the three-zone bridge, a two-zone bridge, a two-zone null scheme, as well as a two-zone scheme on single-phase bridge were used (Fig.II.1 and Fig.II.2). Supply of rectifier implemented on a partitioned secondary winding of three-phase transformer. The scheme in Fig. II.2 by parallel connection of three schemes of one-phase rectifiers is received [4, 5]. As shown in Fig. III.3. the best measure the power factor is achieved by using a three-phase three-zone schemes of rectification. B. Total harmonic distortion of input current а) б) Fig. II.1. Investigated schemes of rectifiers: a) the bridge three-zone scheme of rectifying b) ) the bridge two-zone scheme of rectifying The quality of the input current estimated rate of its total harmonic distortion. Figures depending on the degree of voltage regulation, investigation schemes shown in Fig. III.4. а) b) Fig. II.2. Investigated schemes of rectifiers: a) the three-zonal null scheme of rectifying b) two-zone scheme used single-phase bridges Additional diodes in each bridge provide a fixing of voltage on the thyristors at appropriate levels of voltage transformer section. III. EXPERIMENT Fig. III.4. Harmonic distortion of input current for the investigated schemes of recrifying In Fig. III.5 below shows the voltage waveforms of a single phase supply grid, as well as the input current drawn by the converter. This section contains figures illustrating the results of computer modeling for the investigated schemes, specifically: Input power factor, Total harmonic distortion of output voltage, total harmonic distortion of input current. A. Power factor The quality of the input energy rated by input power factor as function of the degree of regulation of direct voltage, as shown in Fig. III. 3. a) b) Fig. III.3 Input power factor as degree of regulation of the direct voltage. c) a) d) b) Fig. III.5. Oscillograms of the input current and voltage for schemes a) the three-zone bridge, b) a two-zone bridge, c) the three-zone null, d) a two-zone used single-phase bridges C. Total harmonic distortion of output voltage The quality of the output voltage and current rated by their total harmonic distortion. Figures depending on the degree of voltage regulation in the second zone of regulation are shown in Fig.III.6. c) d) Fig. III.7. Oscillograms of output voltage and current for the schemes a) the three-zone bridge, b) a two-zone bridge, c) the three-zone null, d) a two-zone used single-phase bridges Fig. III.6. Total harmonic distortion of output voltage depending on the degree of voltage regulation. Fig. III.7. shows the output, the direct voltage and direct current in steady state. Multizone direct voltage control reduces the reverse and forward voltage on the thyristors, which in this case do not exceed the voltage of one section of the secondary winding of the transformer. The research results are presented in Tab. I: Тable I DC to AC, due to reduced reverse voltage across the controlled rectifier, the improved quality of output voltage, better input current and, consequently, better electromagnetic compatibility and energy efficiency. REFERENCES [1] Kolev St. Н, Kalchev A.K., ”External the characteristic and operating modes 12-pulse converter with the reduced losses.” / Ref. Magazine «The Electrical engineer and electric power industry» 21, № 9, 1977, 117 – 120. [2] Evdokimov S. A, Shchurov Н. I. “The generalized 12n-phase rectifier”. The electrical engineer, 2010. №12. [3] Bin Wu and Frank A. DeWinter, “Voltage Stress on Induction Motors in Medium Voltage (2300–6900-V) PWM GTO CSI Drives”, ieee transactions on power electronics, vol.12, no.2, [4] Zinovev G. S., “The alternating voltage converter in the constant” The patent of the Russian Federation № 2368998, the Bulletin № 27, 2009. [5] Volkov A.G., Zinovev G. S, Kosarev A.P. «Development and research of multizone converters”, Conference in micro/nano tehnology and electronic devices», Novosibirsk State Technical University, 2009. Altai, Erlagol - p: 372-378 [6] Datskovskij L.H., Rogovoy V.I, Kuznetsov I.S. «The electric drive of mine hoist engines», "Electrical engineer" №1/2010 year. The table shows that the use of two-zone schemes of rectification provides a good quality voltage, practically does not differ from the voltage in a three-zone scheme, as well as a significant decrease in the number of semiconductor controlled gates. Number of diodes is also reduced by 25%. In the case when getting a good voltage quality is a secondary task, possibly using the threezone null scheme that differs significantly from the bridge schemes in number of semiconductor devices. Alexander G. Volkov – Master of Engineering and Technology of faculty REF NSTU, the engineer of industrial electronics department. IV. CONCLUSION Gennady S. Zinoviev – the student, the post-graduate student, the From these results it is clear, that the quality of input and output of investigated converters located at the same level. However, the reverse voltage on gates significantly reduced, accordingly, the number of controlled gates in the classical high-voltage rectifiers, when you need a serial connection of thyristors in them. As a result, the total number of thyristors in the proposed scheme will be no less than two times less than in the existing scheme of the rectifier, if we use same type thyristors, whose parameters are determined by the voltage (usually with a double margin) a secondary winding of the transformer. Applications for these powerful multizone rectifiers can be especially powerful DC electric drive. Unfortunately today this type of electric drive is displaced by AC drive. In this field investigated schemes can be used as a first block of electrical energy from AC to DC for subsequent supply the DC bus and the second block of power conversion senior lecturer, doctoral candidate of NSTU, the professor of industrial electronics department of NSTU, the research supervisor SRL OCS (Optimization of energy in converting systems). The author of the textbook on the power electronics, two pornographies of electromagnetic compatibility gated converters, 70 patents and more than 200 publications.