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Sparta vs. Athens Location Sparta Athens was located in the south- Located northeast of central region of Sparta on the Greece known as the ______________ ___________________ coast Military Sparta Greatest ______________ Athens Army and ________ power in Greece ___________: warships Only goal to be that had 3 levels or rowers, ___________ _________ one above the other _______ led the army _________ ___________ Spartan boys were sent to -common navy live in ___________ Played a role in the _______ when they were ___________ Wars seven Citizenship Sparta Athens Only ____________ 750 B.C. Athenian __________, were citizens _________ and __________ were NOT citizens ______________, and __________________ took over the government 594 B.C. __________ prepared a _________________ that broke the political power of the rich -he offered ______________ to artisans who were not Athenians 506 B.C. __________________ stated that a person no longer had to _____ ________ to be a citizen. Athenian males became ______________ at 18 years old. Babies Sparta _____________ ___________ were examined to see at birth. If they were healthy, they ________________________ _______. If they were not healthy, they _____________________ _____________________________________________. Government Sparta Ruled by a _______ at first Athens Ruled by a _______ at first By 800 B.C., ____________ took 750 B.C., Athenian over the government and from then _________, ____________, on 2 kings ruled at a time, which was and ___________________ known as an _________________ took over the government (few people have the ruling power). ______________ -this was open to all males over 20 years old -they passed _______ & made decisions about _______ and ____________ -each year they chose 5 members known as ____________ (managers) -controlled public affairs and educated young Spartans Oligarchy Changes in government 1. __________ tried to change the government but failed because his ______________________ were too harsh. Government Sparta Council of __________helped the ephors -suggested laws to the assembly -served as a ________ ________ Athens Changes in government (continued) 2. 594 B.C., ________ took over the government and prepared a _______________ to break political power of the ________ 3. 560 B.C., ________________ took over he was in favor of the __________ classes Government Athens -Peisistratus’ sons took over government after his death-soon after, ____________ overthrew their government. 508 B.C., Spartans were overthrown by ______________________, a noble 4. He put into effect the world’s first democratic constitution -____________________ __________________, form of government that favors the equality of all people -the Assembly was open to all males over _______ years old Government Athens -each year, the Assembly elected 10 _____________ who did the following: – 1. run the Athenian ________ and _________ – 2. serve as ___________ _____________, or judges. – 3. one of them was named ________________-___-_______ -Council of _______ ____________ -council members were chosen each year by ______ instead of by _________ (2 reasons?) Boys Sparta (military camps) Athens It was required that Sent to live in __________ ______________ camps at age _____ educated their sons trained in groups No public ____________ learned how to _______, had a _______________ __________, and use attended ___________ ___________ ______________ given small amount of ________ starting at 7, they studied _________ , _________, went ______________ with one cloak to wear ____________ only spoke when memorized _______ work necessary and other famous Greek poets examined every 10 days to check ________________ practiced ____________ _______________________ Men Sparta expected to marry at age ________ couldn’t have a ______________ of their own expected to live and eat in ___________ ____________—shared expenses with other soldiers could retire from army when they turned ____ Athens became citizens at age ____ went to the temple of ______ – At the temple, they took an oath of citizenship in front of family and friends promised to do the following: 1. help make Athens a better place in which to live 2. be honorable in ___________ 3. follow the ________________ 4. respect their ____________ Women Sparta more __________ than women of other Greek city-states mixed freely with ______ enjoyed _________ such as wrestling and racing told their men to come home with their _____________ if the men were sent into battle Athens spent most time at home performing ______________ duties didn’t go out without a _______________ only went out to visit other ____________ or attend __________ ___________ never spoke to ______ on the street or ____________ their husbands’ friends Social Classes Sparta Athens class settled near the *upper class settled near the *upper ___________ ____________ Lower class ______________ upper Upper-class Athenians class )_____________ (nobles, merchants, and (*trained for the army and manufacturers) made war) reforms to resist an ____________ (merchants uprising against the and artisans who lived in government due to fights the villages) (*worked) between the nobles, -they were neither farmers, artisans over enslaved people nor ________ _____________ citizens ___________ (enslaved people owned by the citystates who worked the land) (*worked) Culture-Jobs/Arts/Entertainment Sparta Athens Helots and perioeci— merchants, artisans, and enslaved people, farmers merchants, and artisans Sports sports school ___________ , ______ resisted ________ so new ideas wouldn’t ______________ , and ___________ reached new ___________ their way of heights during Pericles’ reign life (they were a farming strong ____________ beliefs society dependant on and respect for slaves) _________________ only goal to be __________ _________! Role in the Persian Wars Sparta Battle of __________________ _______ Spartans remained but were then __________ at the pass when a Greek traitor informed the __________ where the Greeks waited. Athens sent ___________ to help Ionia revolt after their defeat by the Persians -Battle of ______________ (490 B.C.) -Greeks ________ -Battle of _________________(480 B.C.) *Greeks _________ -Battle of ______________ Greeks _________ (lighter, faster ships defeated the Persian fleet) -Battle of ______________ (479 B.C.) Greeks ________ *all victories were due to their powerful ___________ Delian League Sparta one of the few city- states that _________________ Athens formed a defensive league, or protective group, (called ____________ _____________) since Persians still ruled Ionia once a city-state became a League member, it could not ____________ unless all members agreed common _________ -ships built and crewed by _____________ but costs paid by other city-states ___________ gained more and more power over time Delian League Athens turned into the Athenian ____________ _______________ (general/main leader at the time) known as the “first _________” of Athens He dreamed of Athens as being the most beautiful, perfect city He rebuilt ____________ and ____________ on the Acropolis 1. The ______________ (temple of Athena) 2. the ________ _______—connected Athens to Piraeus (seaport) ______ , ________________ , and _______________ reached new heights during this time Decline Sparta ___________ ruled Greece after the _________________ War—Spartans were harsh rulers who angered the other Greeks 371 B.C., __________ overthrew Spartan rule Athens 30-year ________________ War was the start of the end-404 B.C. ___________ surrendered to Sparta War and plague killed many Athenians and thousands of Athenian men became _________________ (hired soldiers) who left home. ________ revolted and set up a ___________________ again, but they didn’t have the power they once had